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Why do so many South Africans receive a social grant and why has it increased so rapidly over time? THREAD (because I had to tweet about my MA eventually)


1/ Of the 18m grant recipients, around 12m (so 2/3) are children. Caregivers (overwhelmingly women) receive the grant on the child's behalf. The child support grant was only introduced in 1998, so not sure why DA asks for data since 1994. Other grants have not increased hugely.

2/ My uncontroversial opinion: it is good for the state to provide social assistance, as it is constitutionally obliged, to children in poor households. Public opinion data suggests most SAns agree with this sentiment:

3/ Receiving a social grant is associated with numerous developmental improvements for children - e.g. food security; school attendance - and eases some of the financial burden of carers.

4/ The CSG replaced an earlier cash transfer programme, the State Maintenance Grant, because the SMG discriminated against black women. Only citizens of the Republic - not bantustan residents - could receive it. The SMG failed to provide assistance to the poorest rural children.
Financial Crisis (1667) avoided by Charles II, via London Goldsmiths' Loans https://t.co/UxtABIpH2n via @old_currency_ex

Coining and Debasement in Henry's Reign
https://t.co/bGitKkj7wl via @wordpressdotcom

When Henry VIII and Francis I Spent $19 Million on an 18-Day Party

England's Unwanted Reformation https://t.co/n1a0u1DzNB via @YouTube

Unusual Historicals: Money Matters: The Country Without a Currency https://t.co/gGGHOFG9rk
Quick recap of Zillow’s Q4 earnings report/call $ZG $Z

The Premier Agent business is prob as strong as it has ever been.

Normalized for some accounting nuances, QoQ growth was 20% in Q3 and 27% in Q4.

YoY growth was 13% in 2020 despite a 17% decline in Q2 related to the pandemic.

Reading the tea leaves, it sure sounds like Flex is one of the main drivers of PA revenue acceleration. This is something we talked about in Q3, 2019 when the stock had sold off by 20%+ and was trading in the low 30s


Not gonna claim iBuying is inevitable nor a “good” biz but even skeptics must admit the segment looks more viable today.

And we can all agree iBuying is clearly the superior customer experience compared to the tradition home selling process.


Maybe the most interesting comment made on the call?

The Zestimate will be a live initial offer in some iBuying markets this year 👀
Specifically, it would raise the minimum wage to $9.50 on the day of passage, then by $1.50 one year later, increasing by $1.50 each year until it reached $15 in 2025.


One other detail that the NBC screenshots leave out: After 2025, this bill would index the minimum wage to median wages, raising it automatically every year.


Here's the full text of the bill.

The minimum wage bill introduced today would phase out the tipped minimum wage loophole, raising it by $2.50 a year until the tipped minimum wage reached parity with the regular minimum wage in 2025.

Similarly, it phases out the separate minimum wage for disabled workers on the same timetable.
Different type of vaccine being developed at Scottish factory of a French company - an “inactivated whole virus” - UK task force secured 60m dose preorder in July for €470m with options for 130m more 2022-25, invested in factory. EU finalised first order of 30m this month.


Basically the Government through @katebingham acted like a venture capital fund, funding many vaccine candidates, expensively, across different types of tech, with companies from different countries (at time of some scepticism that a working vaccine could be produced so quickly)

Though despite the fact French Valneva had been funded for its vaccines in general in 2018 by EU’s investment bank, UK funding guaranteed its production in UK (speculative VC style investment) - similarly UK signed deal with Pfizer for German developed/ funded Biontech vaccine

UK approach explicitly focussed on speed (and boosting poor UK vaccine supply chain), at expense of cost. cost of individual batches, and cost of investing in spread of vaccines, not all would eventually be needed/ used...

EU focussed on lower price, & helping smaller EU nations

approach with Astra Zeneca went further - UK Govt via Matt Hancock involved in matchmaking AZ with Oxford University, funded early clinical trials that eg enabled private jets to ferry samples etc - 100m doses and pricing at cost were part of that deal struck at April wave 1 peak
@LaurusLabs #lauruslabs #Q3marketupdates #Q3investorpresentations
Q3fy21/20 in crs
Rev 1288/730 ,up 76%
Ebidta 433/150
PAT 273/73 ,up 274%
EPS 5.1/1.4

Generic API growth 103% yoy
ARVs up 175% yoy
Generic FDF up 47%
Custom synthesis up 63% yoy
Onco API growth 36%


Generic APIs
ARV,Anti-DM,CVS,PPIs,Onco
Commercialized 60+ products
61 DMFs filed

Generic FDF
ARV,Anti-DM,CVS,PPIs,Onco
Filed 26 ANDAs with USFDA
9 final & 8 tentative approvals
Filed 12 dossiers in Canada, 9 in EU ,8 with WHO,2 in
https://t.co/Q35cgK2hvy, 2 in India

Laurus Synthesis
CDMO services for Global pharma
Steroids,hormone mftg
Speciality ingredients in Nutraceuticals,dietary,cosmetics

Commercial scale mfg,clinical phase supplies,Analytics & research

API validation plannd in Unit 5
Optalmic initiated
LSPL-API validatn planned


Revenue breakup in crs
Q3fy21/20
Generic API 731/360
Generic FDF 430/292
Synthesis 127/78

Generic API
ARV 568/214
Onco 64/47
Other 99/99

Generic FDF 430/292

Entered in longterm partnership with leading generic player in EU for contract mfg

Synthesis CDMO 127/78 crs


Synthesis CDMO
Revenue from custom synthesis, strong growth 63% yoy
Total active projects in CDMO stood at 49 in Q3
Partnered Large global pharma & mid ,small biotech companies
Commercial supplies ongoing for 4 products
Here are all the threads posted by @AdityaTodmal and @niki_poojary in January: 🧵

• 8 powerful ways to use Twitter
• Power of Stocks
• 14 Trading Strategies
• Basics of Derivatives (3 parts)
• Technical Analysis for all sectors
• Tweets of the week
• Books on Futures

All the Top 10 tweets threads I have ever posted to date:


Basics of Derivatives Part 1:


8 powerful ways to use Twitter:


Basics of Derivatives Part 2: