BC BITCOIN
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𝐀 𝐩𝐫𝐢𝐦𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐧 𝐁𝐥𝐨𝐜𝐤𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐢𝐧 & 𝐂𝐫𝐲𝐩𝐭𝐨𝐬 🧵

I still everyday meet investors who think Bitcoin & Blockchain are the same & this thread is specifically for them

Do re-tweet & help us educate more invetsors ☺

#Investing #Cryptos #Bitcoin (1/n)

 (Q1) Lets start with what was historically used as a method of payment?

- Barter system, you give me a cow and I give you 100 kgs of rice (2/n)
(Q2) So why dint we continue with the barter system?

- It was difficult to transact in fractions
- What if I want only 50 kgs of rice? I cant give you half a cow right?
- This is the prime reason for the introduction of smaller units of payment method we now call as coins (3/n)
(Q3) How did Gold coins get shortlisted for the job?
- It was malleable & portable
- It was non corrosive, could be stored for a long time
- It was a perfect combination of abundance & rare
- Plus it was eye catching & visually appealing (4/n)
(Q4) What about paper currencies?
a) When paper currencies were introduced, it was decided that a country could only print as much currency as the gold reserves they have but this was withdrawn in 1971 bcoz of which the central banks could then print as much money as they wanted
(b) Infusing so much liquidity leads to ‘higher inflation’ & it is completely ‘controlled by the central banks’ (This is the problem, remember this through out the thread)
(c) To solve the above problem, Bitcoin was invented. (6/n)
(Q5) What is a Bitcoin?

(a) It claims to be a Store of value (like Gold is) & a payment method (Like $ is) (7/n)
(b) Because only a limited supply of Bitcoin is available, it is expected to be deflationary (problem 1 addressed) as per modern economics & because it uses blockchain, it is more transparent & no 1 single entity controls it (Problem 2 addressed). (8/n)
(Q6) Before we understand Bitcoin, lets understand Blockchain

(a) Assume split wise. Friends go out, sometimes someone pays and sometime someone else. At the end of the year, there is a ledger mentioning how much does who owes whom. (9/n)
(b) The challenge with this ledger is what if I add any entry in it during the year, who verifies if it’s correct?
(c) Currently, banks do this verification when you transact through the bank. Banks maintain transaction record of credits & debits (10/n)
(d) NSE/BSE /NSDL/CDSL does the same thing in the stock markets
(e) But what can you do to decentralize? No banks, no NSE/BSE/CDSL/NSDL? To verify the transactions, you use computational work (replacing intermediaries (Banks) with computational work), let me explain (11/n)
(Q7) How does the blockchain work?

(a) There are multiple computers also called as miners or NODEs are connected to each other on open source software (12/n)
(b) For bitcoin, you can download the software Bitcoin client, have the hardware in place and you become the part of the mining community who would verify & maintain all transaction records (13/n)
(c) Lets say someone buys & sells the bitcoin and that transaction needs to be verified. What happens is, multiple transactions (maximum of 2400) are bundled into a block (14/n)
(d) 2 authorize if the transactions r correct, u have 2 sign it with a unique valid transaction key (HASH or Proof of work), which is generated after solving some very complicated algorithmic problems 2 arrive at the HASH which other computers in the network also validate (15/n)
(e) Whichever computer in the open network is able 2 solve it 1st, announces it in the network 2 every1 where every1 saves the transaction in their ledger automatically as a part of the network (decentralized) 4 which the miner who solved the problem receives bitcoin as a reward
(f) Like in the ledger, these blocks keep forming a chain one after the other and hence it’s called the Blockchain (17/n)
(Q8) How many Bitcoin’s do I get for the mining activity?
(a) It is called Bitcoin Halving
(b) It reduces the bitcoin reward for the miners by half every time 2,10,000 blocks are verified (18/n)
(c) A new block is created every 10 min, it roughly takes 4 years 4 the bitcoin halving (its an automated process of reducing the reward at every 2,10,000 blocks verified)
(d) This is the bitcoin reward 4 solving the block & no new bitcoins after 2,10,00,000 bitcoin are released
(Q9) What are Altcoins, Stable coins & Meme Coins?

(a) Altcoins - Anything other than a Bitcoin is called the Altcoin. Example – Ethereum, Cardano, Polkadot (20/n)
(b) Token or Stable coin - It is pegged against $ majorly & tries to mirror its movement. Price of the coin moves up & down with the movement in $. Example – Tether, USDC

(c) Meme-Coins - Made for fun, have no logic. Example – Doge, Shiba (21/n)
(Q10) What are my views on the same?
(a) Blockchain is a brilliant technology & has multiple use cases in various industries
(b) But on Bitcoin, I am not sure if it will be able to replace paper currencies as a medium of transaction or gold as a store of value. (22/n)
(c) It 'may' evolve into use cases in the future that I cant visualise right now.
(d) Altcoins with use cases like De-fi will evolve over time & we will talk about it in the next thread. Will also talk about the fancy around NFT's & Metaverse going forward (23/24)
This is my 49th thread, 'do re-tweet’ & follow me
@KirtanShahCFP

Have earlier written on,
-Sector Analysis
-Macro
-Debt Markets
-Equity
-Gold
-Personal Finance etc. You can find them all in the link below https://t.co/UrRt87xIJF…………… (END)

More from Kirtan A Shah

Kirtan A Shah
Kirtan A Shah
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A basic premier on the banking sector, demystifying commonly used terms,
CASA
Wholesale Banking
Net Interest Income (NII)
Cost of Liability
Advances Growth
Gross v/s Net NPA
Provisions
SLR/CRR
Capital Adequacy Ratio
Net Interest Margin (NIM)

Do hit the 're-tweet' (1/n)

Banking, as a business is simple to understand, you borrow money (liability for the bank as the bank needs to pay back) and lend (asset for the bank as the bank is expected to receive it bank), the difference between the borrowings & lending is banks income (2/n)

Where all can they borrow from?

(a) Savings Account (SA)
(b) Current Account (CA)
(c) Fixed Deposit (FD)
(d) Recurring Deposit (RD)
(e) Certificate of Deposits (CD)
(f) Bonds etc. (3/n)

Whom do they lend?
(a) Retail - Housing loan, auto loan, personal loan etc.
(b) Wholesale (Institutional Lending) – Commercial Papers (CP) & other Corporate Loans

P.S. – “HDFC Bank is now increasing focus on wholesale lending”, hope you now understand what that means (4/n)

How does the bank profit?

So lets say the average borrowing cost of the bank (also know as the cost of liabilities) is 4.54% & average lending cost is 8.54%, the difference 8.54% - 4.54% = 4% is called the Net Interest Income (NII). HDFC Banks Cost of Liability is 4.54% (5/n)
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Kirtan A Shah
Kirtan A Shah
@KirtanShahCFP
Learn about the STEEL SECTOR in this thread

The demand for steel is generally only 1.2 times the GDP & there is no significant growth in our GDP but still the sector has rallied relentlessly, lets try & understand

Do ‘re-tweet’ & help us educate more investors (1/22)
#Investing

The metal sector is broadly divided into 2,
-Ferrous is a category of metal that has Iron in it, Steel as an example
-Non-Ferrous is a metal, which does not have Iron content, Aluminum, copper, lead, nickel, Zinc etc.
This thread focuses on Ferrous & hence Steel (2/22)

To start, lets understand with how steel is made (its important).
Iron ore is mined, it is then first converted to Iron & Iron is then converted to Steel. There are 3 processes of making steel
-Blast Furnace
-Scrap Metal
-DRIP/Sponge
We will discuss all three (3/22)
ALL , SECTORLEARNINGS , STEELSECTOR
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Kirtan A Shah
Kirtan A Shah
@KirtanShahCFP
Personal Finance 101 – My learning’s about investing

This topic is for everyone, whether you manage your money yourself or through your advisor, it will go a long way in managing your finances.

Do re-tweet & help us educate retail investors (1/n)


Subscribe to our YouTube for some interesting educational content around Personal Finance - https://t.co/jvgNEDWiAZ

And you can also join our Telegram channel for regular updates – https://t.co/Ekz6I8pDGt (2/n)

(1) Lets start with Life Insurance

Term Insurance is the best way to take an insurance cover & probably the only product to buy in life insurance. Make sure u disclose all the necessary information before taking the insurance. Smoking, Alcohol, any pre-existing deceases etc(3/n)

Have atleast 10-15 times of your annual income as insurance cover

But there are variants of term insurance that you should avoid (4/n)

(A) Term plan with return of premium

For a non-smoker born on the 1st Jan 1985 & policy term 39 years (till age 75), the regular premium for a 1-cr term insurance is 22,157 (inclusive of GST) but with returns of premium is 42670 (inclusive of GST). An increase of 20,513 (5/n)
GENERICLEARNINGS
Kirtan A Shah
Kirtan A Shah
@KirtanShahCFP
In a business where the buying & selling price is fixed by the government, how is that the sugar stocks are rallying so much?

A thread 🧵 to learn how the sugar sector works. Do re-tweet and hence us educate more investors (1/n)

- Sugar is made out of Sugarcane
- The government fixes buying price (FRP – Fair & Remunerative price) for the mill from the farmers at 2.850/Kg
- Selling price is also fixed at Rs. 31/Kg (MSP – Minimum selling price) (2/n)

Lets understand the sector,

- Sugarcane purchased by the mill is crushed to remove the juice (exactly like you have sugarcane juice at a hotel)
- Juice is heated & boiled to remove sugar (3/n)

- The juice can be boiled upto 3 times to remove sugar. Each time it is boiled, sugar is removed, than some water is added and boiled again to remove more sugar (4/n)

- There are 2 by-products as well. The residue left behind after the boiling process is over is like a gum/paste called molasses & the fiber/stem of the sugarcane after juice is extracted (5/n)
SECTORLEARNINGS , ALL , INVESTMENTLEARNING
Kirtan A Shah
Kirtan A Shah
@kirtan0810
Market PE at 40 and yet the market is not falling, why? Getting asked this question multiple times. Here's a thread covering ‘very basic’ premier on valuation for my retail investor friends.

Do hit the ‘re-tweet’ and help us educate more investors (1/n)


For us to be able to comprehend the situation, we need to understand 4 very basic valuation matrixes
(1) Trailing EPS
(2) Forward EPS
(3) Trailing PE
(4) Forward PE

Formula

EPS = Profit After Tax / Number of outstanding Shares
PE = Market Price / EPS (2/n)

So what's a trailing EPS?

So in March 2020, RIL generated a Profit after tax (PAT) of 39,354 cr. The number of outstanding shares of RIL is some 676.21 cr. which means the 39,354 cr of PAT belongs to the 676.21 cr. shareholders, right? (3/n)

That also means that per share, RIL earned Rs. 58.20 (39,354/676.21). This 58.20 is called the trailing (TTM) EPS. Trailing means past, already done. (4/n)


So RIL earns 58.20 rupees per share but you pay 58.20 * 33.16 = 1930, 33.16 times more to buy 1 share from the market, that 33.16 is called the Price/Earnings (PE) ratio. This is again trailing as 58.20 EPS is trailing. (5/n)
INVESTING , MARKET LEARNINGS , INVESTING KNOWLEDGE

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CryptoWhale
CryptoWhale
@CryptoWhale
#BlackRock, the world’s largest asset manager with $7.81 trillion AUM, recently granted two of its funds the ability to invest in #Bitcoin futures.

Here's why I think BlackRock investing in Bitcoin futures is bearish, and could result in a major downturn in the coming months.


1) According to the new BlackRock SEC filings, it mentions the use of Bitcoin derivatives and other assets as part of its investment scheme. The futures will be cash-settled, and likely on the CME BTC exchange.


2) If BlackRock was bullish on Bitcoin, they would've directly bought it, but instead they are choosing to buy Future contracts. Why?

With Futures, they can either short or long. Considering BlackRock's historically bearish stance on BTC, It's quite clear they will be shorting.


3) Here's a short clip of BlackRock CEO Larry Fink bashing #Bitcoin, saying theres zero institutional demand, and calling it an ‘index of money laundering':


4) By investing in the Bitcoin futures market, it essentially allows them to gamble on its future price.

With their large cash size, BlackRock will be the largest player in this market. They can and will tank Bitcoin's price to avoid paying out. Banks have done it before...
BITCOIN
Lucas Nuzzi
Lucas Nuzzi
@LucasNuzzi
1\ There is an alarming amount of misinformation (fueled by the media) on what exactly happened to Bitcoin yesterday, and whether funds were "double spent"

Here's everything you need to know 👇

2\ On the 18th, a user broadcast a transaction with very low fees.

When users underpay fees, their transactions gets stuck because miners have more profitable opportunities.

Users are left with 2 options:

a) wait until fee levels drop
b) tell miners they will increase fees

3\ The most popular way to (b) increase fees of an already-broadcast transaction is through a "Replace By Fee (RBF)" transaction.

Put simply, RBF is a copy-and-paste of the original transaction with higher fees and an explicit instruction to favor the new transaction instead.

4\ Nearly a day passed after our infamous user broadcast the original transaction and miners did not include it.

So the user decided to issue an RBF on the 19th with higher fees... but not high enough!

And the transaction was again stuck...

5\ A couple of hours later, the user decided to bump fees up again via a second RBF!

This time around the user paid enough fees.
BITCOIN
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Timothy Peterson
Timothy Peterson
@nsquaredcrypto
1/ Thread explains the rationale for $GBTC over #bitcoin. (Speaking from experience, but not necessarily an endorsement of GBTC):

2/ $GBTC fills a need and is designed to permit exposure to #bitcoin for professional, registered investment advisors in the US. Money managers have unique circumstances compared to individual investors.

3/ #Imagine you are an investment mgr with 250 client accounts (an average-sized separate account manager would have 400). Owning #bitcoin means setting up another 250 accounts - major work with not a lot of reward. If you want to rebalance (stocks/bonds/bitcoin)...

4/ you have 250 transfers to make. Doubles admin workload, makes operational life very complicated. Lots of work for a 5-10% allocation (or less!) to $BTC.

5/ Client reporting is a nightmare. 2 sets of custodian statements not easily combined... A typical client already has 3 accounts, now it is 6 accounts & 6 statements, and there are few software feeds to consolidate data from #crypto exchanges into traditional portfolio reports.
BITCOIN
Ugly OldGoat
Ugly OldGoat
@UglyOldGoat1
The #Bitcoin fundamentals of four generations of inflation, entitlements, and regulations are separate and apart from #Bitcoin the technological innovation. If we had sound money there would be little demand for Bitcoin. (1/13)


The notion that gold futures hold down the physical gold price or subjects the gold price to long-term manipulation is a canard. CME gold futures deliveries are settled with warrants meeting exact specifications met by approved refineries, carriers, and warehouses which (2/13)

ensures the integrity of delivery apart from the exchange. https://t.co/CpV1OBSsAT One need look no further than the 1980 Hunt Silver fiasco which illustrates how deliverable futures contracts provide for the discovery of an untapped silver supply resting in people's homes.(3/13)

Not so for Bitcoin. The CME Bakkt Bitcoin contract is for Bakkt Bitcoin. It is not Bitcoin. Bakkt Bitcoin is a cash-settled monthly futures contract. While the Bakkt Bitcoin has geographically storage of private keys, they are not your private keys. (4/13)


Not your keys, not your bitcoin. The Bitcoin Warehouse is an internal ledger The internal ledger operates separate and apart from the Bitcoin blockchain. The only interaction with the public blockchain is during the deposit of bitcoin into the Bakkt Warehouse and the (5/13)
BITCOIN
Alex Kr\xfcger
Alex Krüger
@krugermacro
1/ The #Bitcoin bear case has two two components:

The macro, and the miners.

THREAD 👇

2/ On the macro side, if the dollar reverses its major downtrend and/or real rates turn positive, that will hurt $BTC considerably.

I don't expect either to happen in 2021, but have to pay attention to these.

3/ On the miners side, one has to consider the miners' cycle.

It works like this 👇

4/ Miners' hashrate (the aggregated bitcoin computing capacity) is directly tied to mining difficulty, which is the main variable in the bitcoin cost of production

=> the more capacity installed, the higher the difficulty, and the higher the cost.

5/ In a bull-run, miners' hashrate lags price, so as price takes off and moves higher, miners' profitability explodes (as price goes up but production costs don't as much).

These are the happy times.
BITCOIN

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Wracając do sedna dzisiejszego zamieszania z artykułem autosportu / motorsportu. Kubica mówi w nim, że podejmie swoją decyzję w ciągu kilku dni. Rozważa opcję z Williamsem lub posadę kierowcy symulatora w Ferrari. Więc za kilka dni dowiemy się co go czeka za rok. #F1PL

Autosport / motorsport zmienił nagłówek swoje tekstu, bo pierwotnie sugerował on że Kubica jest numerem jeden na liście Williamsa na tytuł mówiący tylko tym, że nadal jest na liście kandydatów. Zrobili to po interwencji zespołu. Same wypowiedzi Kubicy z wywiadu się nie zmieniły.

Trudno powiedzieć czy autor się pośpieszył i wyciągnął inne wnioski niż powinien, a może wie coś więcej, ale nie mógł tego otwarcie napisać. Słowa Kubicy brzmią jednak jednoznacznie: decyzję podejmie w ciągu kilku dni.
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If you're a college student who wants to pay off all your loans... here's an idea for you:

It takes ~$5k to start and will make ~$30k a year of profit

It won't get you rich, it'll pay for college.

(..and will teach them more about business than they’ll learn in school)

The idea isn’t sexy. But it works:

**Plastic Moving Bin Rentals**

Everyone knows moving sucks. The worst part is being stuck with 400 cardboard boxes at the end of your move.

Instead - @benmlevy told me about Gorilla Bins. They dropoff plastic moving bins, & pickem up later.


Let’s break it down. Our goal is to pay for college (~$30k profit per year).

To do that, I think we’ll need $50k in revenue.

The avg move (a 2 bedroom apartment) is $180

To hit our goal, we need do ~5.5 moves per week

COSTS?

How many bins do we need to buy up front?

5.5 moves a week x 50 bins = you need 275 bins. Let’s round up to 300 to be safe.

Ok let’s hop over to @uline to see how much these bins cost

Bingo. Bins cost about $15 a piece.

$15 x 300 bins = $4,500 initial startup costs.

Time to beg your parents or a rich aunt to lend you money to get the biz rolling (...or just take $5k of student loan money and invest it here…)
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Loren Brichter
Loren Brichter
@lorenb
So it turns out that Google Chrome was making everything on my computer slow *even when it wasn’t running*, because it installs something called Keystone which is basically malware.

I made a website because this shouldn’t

Wired first reported on how bad Keystone was 11 years ago when they put it into Google Earth (they seem to put it in all their popular

The fact that Keystone hides itself in Activity Monitor is bizarre. (The only sign of it was excessive CPU usage of WindowServer which is a system process).

I don’t know if Google was doing something nefarious with Keystone, or a third party figured out how to (which Wired warned about). But either way, I’m not inclined to give Google-the-organization the benefit of the doubt (despite the many good people who work on Chrome)...

...since it's been a decade+ and this still hasn't been "fixed".

There is no reason for auto-update software to need to do what Chrome/Keystone was doing. It also has a long history of crashing Macs.
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\uc2e0\ub150\uc758\uc0ac\ub098\uc774
신념의사나이...
@Belposto_korea
The RV and the Redemption Funds.

ALL Exchanged Currencies as well as all Zim Redemption funds will be placed in the accounts they set up in the Quantum Financial System./1

Absolutely none of these funds will be placed in a Bank at the redemption appointment. Bank computers cannot be programmed to transfer Digital Gold Certificates./2

The QFS can and will transplant funds into a bank account as has been explained earlier,/3

so a person can transfer funds to their own bank account but the desirability will become less and less as the banks go into receivership and their customer’s deposits are confiscated to avoid the Bank’s demise./4

Which bank can compete with the QFS when the QFS is free, secure, private, and stable? One of the major problems in the transition will be the use of Debit Cards for merchant purchases. Will VISA or Mastercard be available?/5
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Antonio Garc\xeda Mart\xednez
Antonio García Martíne...
@antoniogm
Observing the public conversation around FB, and the private ones happening among techies and ex-FBers, I think the mutual misunderstanding is worse than when I set out two years (and 500 pages) ago to (in a small way) bridge that gulf.

We're basically fucked.

The tech world has gotten so huge, self-reinforcing, and insulated from reality they can no longer even vaguely look at themselves (and their actions) as others do. They just live on a different planet than most people.

Conversely, the average tech consumer doesn't understand the technology that has slowly taken over their lives, and their designated emissaries to figure it out--politicians, pundits, regulators, journalists--understand it barely better than they do, and have their own agendas.

To say more than generalities for a moment, here's what I think is likely the core problem.

Techies take weird, improbable visions, and make them realities: some BS pitch deck to a VC, mixed with money and people, really does turn into some novel thing.

Most people work inside a legacy industry that's evolved that way over time (usually for good reasons), and they think about the future via some analogy with their present (which is a function of a long-ago past). The interruption that tech will introduce is often hard to grasp.
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