During a normal pregnancy, oxidative stress enhances antioxidant mechanisms that are capable of reacting by way of enzyme activity and non-enzyme free radical deactivators. However, pregnancy is also a state in which this adaptation and balance may be easily disrupted.

There is strong evidence that a chronicin flammatory reaction combined with the presence of a local oxidizing environment may play a vital role in the etiology and development of complications during pregnancy.

In late pregnancy, damage to DNA (especially when it is caused by oxidative stress) is associated with pre-eclampsia(PE), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and the death of mothers in developing countries; it largely determines pregnancy – related susceptibility to diseases

The referential values of ROS and NOS and their minimal and safe concentrations or physiologically beneficial concentrations are yet to be determined.

The measurement of oxidative stress in vivo is perceived as controversial,

as the sen-sitivity and specificity of various oxidative stress markers is unknown.. .

2020 marks the start of the quantum dot revolution.

Completely ignoring the fact that "photocatalytic generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from quantum dots (QDs) has been widely reported."

Results: It was found that whereas singlet oxygen (1O2) was not produced by photoexcited QDs, superoxide anion(O2− )and hydroxyl radicals(OH) were generated by QDs, especially in the presence of a physiological concentration of electron donating agent including NADH.

Using cell metabolic activity assays and various probes of ROS generation, the formation of ROS in cellular environments was demonstrated.

Conclusion: Illumination of QD-treated cells and bacteria with light did affect viability. The above results, together with those of assays in the presence of various scavengers of specific ROS, indicate that the formation of ROS by QDs mainly proceeded via electron transfer.

🤫

If you shine light of high enough energy on to a metal, electrons will be emitted from the metal.

This nonspecific cation channel opens when illuminated with blue light, depolarizing the cell [4, 6] to trigger action potentials cells with high temporal precision [5]. Since the initial discovery of ChR2, many modifications have been made to refine the kinetic properties.

For example, ChETA, engineered to address limitations of spike fidelity with ChR2, has faster temporal kinetics and can maintain reliable spike precision up to 200 Hz [7].

Halorhodopsins (NpHR), light-gated chloride pumps activated by yellow light, allow for temporally specific hyperpolarization with single spike precision [8–10].

Archaerhodopsin-3 (Arch), a yellow light-activated outward proton pump, is an increasingly popular tool for light-induced hyperpolarization to inhibit cellular activity. Arch recovers spontaneously from inactivation with a much shorter recovery time than NpHRs [11].

Arch currents continue to increase with increasing light intensity, while NpHRs saturate [11]. The increased light sensitivity of the ArchT variant, along with better membrane targeting, allows for improved neural silencing both at cell bodies and terminals [12].

Transduction is the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector.

Viral vectors are tools commonly used by molecular biologists to deliver genetic material into cells.

Viruses have evolved?

specialized molecular mechanisms

to efficiently

transport their genomes

inside the cells they infect.

Delivery of genes, or other genetic material, by a vector is termed transduction and the infected cells are described as transduced.

A transducer is a device that converts energy from one form to another. Usually a transducer converts a signal in one form of energy to a signal in another.

So where are we at with this virus people?

In continuum mechanics, stress is a physical quantity that expresses the internal forces that neighbouring particles of a continuous material exert on each other, while strain is the measure of the deformation of the material.

For example, when a solid vertical bar is supporting an overhead weight, each particle in the bar pushes on the particles immediately below it. When a liquid is in a closed container under pressure, each particle gets pushed against by all the surrounding particles.

The container walls and the pressure-inducing surface (such as a piston) push against them in (Newtonian) reaction.

These macroscopic forces are actually the net result of a very large number of intermolecular forces and collisions between the particles in those molecules. Stress is frequently represented by a lowercase Greek letter sigma (σ).

Residual stresses inside a plastic protractor are revealed by the polarized light.

Did the paedophiles create the virus?

I think so!

Is Joe Biden the paedophiles choice?

Jury’s out.

Scumbags

Lock them all up and f their vaccine.