BC SECTORLEARNINGS
Saved by @SAnngeri

After writing on Banking & Paints, this thread focuses on the 'Logistic Sector'. Idea is to give a small start to the retail investors looking at investing in this space from where they can build on.

This thread covers,
- Macro
- Business Model
- 3PL & 4PL
- Valuation (1/n)

 Logistics business macro

-14% of India’s GDP is spent on Logistic
-Organized market is 42%
-Growing at 10-15%
-Employs 2.2 cr
-Achieved Infrastructure status
-FY 14-18 attracted 1,00,000 cr FDI (2/n)
What’s the business?

Logistic is traditionally seen as a warehousing & transportation business where goods, needs 2b transported 4m point A to B using Road, Rail, Ship or Air & can be stored at multiple warehouses before the consumer receives the product (3/n)
The business landscape is changing fast with newer competition and technology is challenging the older business models. 3PL (3rd party logistics) & 4PL is one such change in the business of logistics, will discuss about the same ahead. (4/n)
Listed companies involved in the business may or largely may not own the Trucks, Rails, Aircraft, Ships, Warehouses etc., but uses outsourced services of other vendors and the listed companies manage the logistics from point A to point B (5/n)
Which are the top 5 companies in this space?

Container Corporation – 28,000 cr
Blue Dart – 10,000 cr
Mahindra Logistic – 3,500 cr
Allcargo Logistic – 3,000 cr
Gateway – 2,000 cr (6/n)
What business are they in?

(A) Container Corporation

-Transportation of the shipping container from point A to B using the rail network
-Has monopoly in this business
-Globally more than 500 km of logistics is done through rail but in India it is still done through road (7/n)
- In India only 25% of the logistics happen through rail

(B) Blue Dart – Is in the traditional business of courier within India using Air & Road network (8/n)
(C) Allcargo

(i) Multi-Modal - The multi-modal process usually begins with a container being moved by a truck to a rail, then back to a truck to complete the process (9/n)
(ii) Container freight station operation - A container freight station is a location, usually a warehouse, where products and other goods are collected, stored, and where they wait to be shipped to the next location. (10/n)
iii) Inland container depot–Ports equipped 4 handling & temporary storage of containerized cargo
iv) Contract logistic operations–Managing end 2 end 4m designing facility, warehousing, transportation, order processing & distribution, inventory management & customer service (11/n)
(D) Gateway – It is also into Multi-Modal & Container Freight Station management

(E) Mahindra logistic - Mahindra Logistics is a 3PL (3rd party logistic) & 4PL player (12/n)
What & how of 3PL industry operation

Imagine it to be like Uber. There is a traveler and a driver, Uber connects them and manages the entire logistics. (13/n)
3PL is outsourcing the entire operations of your logistic supply chain management, Transportation (Asset), Warehousing (Asset) & other value added services to a 3rd party logistic company (3PL) (14/n)
What are the value added services?

ERP/API – Procurement planning, raw material, billing, working capital management, leasing out trucks & warehouse etc., now can be managed by the 3rd party logistics company (15/n)
Analytics – Transport efficiency (reducing cost), warehouse management (reducing cost), Inventory management (optimum capital utilization) leading to improved ROI using AI (16/n)
Cart Management & Customer Portal – Retailer who wants to go online, 3PLs take care of everything from website making, inventory management, billing, to delivery & reverse logistics (17/n)
Similarly, Automatic Billing, Sorting, Inventory Management, Pick, Pack, Ship, everything can be managed by the 3PL company (18/n)
Infact some companies provide 4PL, where u allow the logistic player 2 become a part of ur own supply management & they redesign things internally within ur own organization like changing the manufacturing layout, to make it more effective over & above all the 3PL services (19/n)
If you look at the last 5 years, companies have not been able to grow sales. Valuations still look rich. May be market participants are expecting this sector to do well. (This is not an advice ☺) (20/n)
Took some data from the very interesting FOF presentation done by @oraunak of @PPFAS the last year (21/n)
Hope the thread added value :) Hit the 're-tweet' & help us reach more investors. We have written multiple similar educative threads on personal finance. You can find them as a pinned tweet on my profile or click the link below (**END**)

https://t.co/UrRt87OLLF

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Market PE at 40 and yet the market is not falling, why? Getting asked this question multiple times. Here's a thread covering ‘very basic’ premier on valuation for my retail investor friends.

Do hit the ‘re-tweet’ and help us educate more investors (1/n)


For us to be able to comprehend the situation, we need to understand 4 very basic valuation matrixes
(1) Trailing EPS
(2) Forward EPS
(3) Trailing PE
(4) Forward PE

Formula

EPS = Profit After Tax / Number of outstanding Shares
PE = Market Price / EPS (2/n)

So what's a trailing EPS?

So in March 2020, RIL generated a Profit after tax (PAT) of 39,354 cr. The number of outstanding shares of RIL is some 676.21 cr. which means the 39,354 cr of PAT belongs to the 676.21 cr. shareholders, right? (3/n)

That also means that per share, RIL earned Rs. 58.20 (39,354/676.21). This 58.20 is called the trailing (TTM) EPS. Trailing means past, already done. (4/n)


So RIL earns 58.20 rupees per share but you pay 58.20 * 33.16 = 1930, 33.16 times more to buy 1 share from the market, that 33.16 is called the Price/Earnings (PE) ratio. This is again trailing as 58.20 EPS is trailing. (5/n)
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Does increase in Inflation & hence interest rates lead to a fall in equity? While theoretically yes, practically the last 20 years of data shows otherwise

Please ‘re-tweet’ 🧵& help us educate more retail investors

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Lets start with basic, y does inflation ⬆️?
Most feel bcoz of higher demand & lower supply but that’s nt the only factor. Imagine there is a shortage of laptops wrt the demand, but there is no liquidity in the market (people don’t have monies) will the price of laptop ⬆️? No

So, Inflation takes place because the demand supply situation is accompanied by high liquidity, people have the monies to spend and hence the price goes up. Inflation does not take place only because of the demand supply gap (3/n)

Its RBI’s job to keep inflation under check. What role does RBI play? RBI is comfortable keeping Inflation between 2-6% currently. So if Inflation is increasing, how can RBI control it? Can RBI do anything to demand & supply? Nothing (4/n)

So the only tool available with RBI to control inflation is controlling liquidity. If RBI is able to reduce liquidity in the market, less money will chase the goods and hence Inflation can be expected to stabilize. (5/n)
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Kirtan A Shah
Kirtan A Shah
@KirtanShahCFP
Is US going to default on its debt?

This 🧵 will surely help you understand. Do ‘re-tweet’ & help us educated investors (1/13)


How does a country run?

Assume a country to be like a company, which has income & expenses. Income source can be tax collections & expense can be government employee salaries, defence sending’s, social security schemes etc. (2/13)

Generally, most economies are running a deficit; their income is less than expense. So if your income is 100 and expense is 105, where do you get the 5? You borrow!

Similarly US has been borrowing & the total debt today roughly stands at a whooping $28.5T. (3/13)

Deficit in the last 2 years has gone up significantly because of COVID + the government wants to spend more; a $3.5T spending package is what they are trying to get an approval for + older debt is coming up for maturity (4/13)


Okay, so I am saying they will raise more debt for the deficit of COVID, the new package & paying older debt off?

Ideally a yes but they are not allowed to borrow more! (5/13)
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Kirtan A Shah
Kirtan A Shah
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Personal Finance 101 – My learning’s about investing

This topic is for everyone, whether you manage your money yourself or through your advisor, it will go a long way in managing your finances.

Do re-tweet & help us educate retail investors (1/n)


Subscribe to our YouTube for some interesting educational content around Personal Finance - https://t.co/jvgNEDWiAZ

And you can also join our Telegram channel for regular updates – https://t.co/Ekz6I8pDGt (2/n)

(1) Lets start with Life Insurance

Term Insurance is the best way to take an insurance cover & probably the only product to buy in life insurance. Make sure u disclose all the necessary information before taking the insurance. Smoking, Alcohol, any pre-existing deceases etc(3/n)

Have atleast 10-15 times of your annual income as insurance cover

But there are variants of term insurance that you should avoid (4/n)

(A) Term plan with return of premium

For a non-smoker born on the 1st Jan 1985 & policy term 39 years (till age 75), the regular premium for a 1-cr term insurance is 22,157 (inclusive of GST) but with returns of premium is 42670 (inclusive of GST). An increase of 20,513 (5/n)
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Kirtan A Shah
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A basic premier on the banking sector, demystifying commonly used terms,
CASA
Wholesale Banking
Net Interest Income (NII)
Cost of Liability
Advances Growth
Gross v/s Net NPA
Provisions
SLR/CRR
Capital Adequacy Ratio
Net Interest Margin (NIM)

Do hit the 're-tweet' (1/n)

Banking, as a business is simple to understand, you borrow money (liability for the bank as the bank needs to pay back) and lend (asset for the bank as the bank is expected to receive it bank), the difference between the borrowings & lending is banks income (2/n)

Where all can they borrow from?

(a) Savings Account (SA)
(b) Current Account (CA)
(c) Fixed Deposit (FD)
(d) Recurring Deposit (RD)
(e) Certificate of Deposits (CD)
(f) Bonds etc. (3/n)

Whom do they lend?
(a) Retail - Housing loan, auto loan, personal loan etc.
(b) Wholesale (Institutional Lending) – Commercial Papers (CP) & other Corporate Loans

P.S. – “HDFC Bank is now increasing focus on wholesale lending”, hope you now understand what that means (4/n)

How does the bank profit?

So lets say the average borrowing cost of the bank (also know as the cost of liabilities) is 4.54% & average lending cost is 8.54%, the difference 8.54% - 4.54% = 4% is called the Net Interest Income (NII). HDFC Banks Cost of Liability is 4.54% (5/n)
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More from Sectorlearnings

Aditya Shah
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So many terminologies in Banking!

Confused?😥🤔

Dont worry.

A thread🧵 on basics of Banking

Hit "Retweet" to educate Maximum Investors

Lets go👇

(1/20)

Types of banks:-

Your money should be parked in scheduled commercial Banks

Scheduled Commercial Banks
-PSU Banks
-Private Banks
-Foreign Banks
-Small Finance Banks

Do not park money is Co-operative/Regional Banks

List is shown below

(2/20)


NPA, NPA, NPA! Kya hain yeh NPA?🤔

Gross NPA (GNPA)-

It is the total loans on which no payment has been paid for 90 days or more.
GNPA % is usually shown in each Bank’s quarterly results. The percentage is basically the GNPA amount as a % of the total advances.

(3/20)

Net NPA (NNPA)-

The total figure left after deducting provisions made for bad loans from GNPA.
(GNPA – Provisions+upgrades/writeoffs = NNPA)

(4/20)

Special Mention Account (SMA) –

SMA-0

SMA-0 is a category in which stress with respect to the principal and interest has remained overdue for a period of 0 to 30 days.

(5/20)
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In a business where the buying & selling price is fixed by the government, how is that the sugar stocks are rallying so much?

A thread 🧵 to learn how the sugar sector works. Do re-tweet and hence us educate more investors (1/n)

- Sugar is made out of Sugarcane
- The government fixes buying price (FRP – Fair & Remunerative price) for the mill from the farmers at 2.850/Kg
- Selling price is also fixed at Rs. 31/Kg (MSP – Minimum selling price) (2/n)

Lets understand the sector,

- Sugarcane purchased by the mill is crushed to remove the juice (exactly like you have sugarcane juice at a hotel)
- Juice is heated & boiled to remove sugar (3/n)

- The juice can be boiled upto 3 times to remove sugar. Each time it is boiled, sugar is removed, than some water is added and boiled again to remove more sugar (4/n)

- There are 2 by-products as well. The residue left behind after the boiling process is over is like a gum/paste called molasses & the fiber/stem of the sugarcane after juice is extracted (5/n)
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(Thread) With Kotak launching its International REIT Fund of Fund NFO, it is worth revisiting our old thread on Real Estate Investment Trust (#REIT). The Idea is to educate readers on REIT & share our view on the Kotak #NFO

Do ‘re-tweet’ & help us educate more investors (1/n)

What’s a REIT?

Lets say I am a RE developer, K Raheja. I like a land in Mumbai & Hyderabad 4 some commercial development. I decide to buy it. Where will I get the monies 2 buy & construct it?
1. Self
2. Bank, NBFC, MF - Debt
3. Partner – someone else investing as Equity (2/n)

So I invest some monies, got some 4m banks & MF’s & I also got Blackrock to invest 2 buy the land & make the business park called 'Mindspace'. I constructed around 23-mn sq ft with multiple building & I started leasing them out to companies who wanted rented office premises (3/n)

There comes a point where I needed more monies to build new building, pay off the loans etc., where do I get the monies? So I decide to do an #IPO. Not of the entire company K Raheja but only this project called Mindspace. So I formed a trust or corporation (4/n)

I commit to payout 90% of my rent income to the shareholders proportionately as dividends & I will use this IPO money to invest a minimum 80% in completed real estate, which is generating rent & will use 20% in constructing new Real Estate or lend to some other developer (5/n)
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Kirtan A Shah
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@KirtanShahCFP
Learn about the STEEL SECTOR in this thread

The demand for steel is generally only 1.2 times the GDP & there is no significant growth in our GDP but still the sector has rallied relentlessly, lets try & understand

Do ‘re-tweet’ & help us educate more investors (1/22)
#Investing

The metal sector is broadly divided into 2,
-Ferrous is a category of metal that has Iron in it, Steel as an example
-Non-Ferrous is a metal, which does not have Iron content, Aluminum, copper, lead, nickel, Zinc etc.
This thread focuses on Ferrous & hence Steel (2/22)

To start, lets understand with how steel is made (its important).
Iron ore is mined, it is then first converted to Iron & Iron is then converted to Steel. There are 3 processes of making steel
-Blast Furnace
-Scrap Metal
-DRIP/Sponge
We will discuss all three (3/22)
ALL , SECTORLEARNINGS , STEELSECTOR
Sharad Dubey
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@Sharad9Dubey
After Burger, Pizza, Biryani, Barbeque

🍔 🍕 🥘 🫕

Its time for Shrimps!! 🍤🍤🍤

Aquaculture stocks come in focus

Time for a thread 🧵🧵🧵

#StockMarket #StocksToWatch

Retweet for more benefit for the investors will be appreciated.


Triggers
🍤Shrimp feed has seen a good global demand
🍤Exports are expected to be better
🍤Rise in shrimp prices due to foreign demand
🍤Market share gains expected for larger players


Triggers
🍤More sporting events, Dubai expo 2020, opening of Europe remain key monitorables
🍤Rates for the tax refund scheme for exporters -- Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products (RoDTEP) -- are expected to be announced in coming weeks. For shrimp exporters.


Avanti Feeds
🍤During FY21 the Company has maintained its
market share of 45% to 48%
🍤Stable market gate prices
🍤All ears on July 3 analyst meet at 4pm
🍤Biggest aquaculture stock in terms of market cap
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🍤Navodya Enterprises has bought 2 lakh equity shares on July 1
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ULTIMATE GUIDE TO 21 and 200 Moving Average
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A trend Following System That will Help You Improve Trading immensely.

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1/n

Moving averages
EMA and SMA
1. Exponential Moving Average (EMA) is similar to Simple Moving Average (SMA), measuring trend direction over a period of time.
2. However, whereas SMA simply calculates an average of price data, EMA applies more weight to data that is more current
2/


21 EMA : SHORT TERM TREND
1. Calculates the Average Price of past 21 days
2. A stock above 21 ema is in strong momentum , which will give pullbacks to 21 ema again and again.
3. Stock above 21 ema should never be shorted so as to stay with the trend
3/n

3. A stock which moves 10-15% above 21 ema will be too extended and hence will generally pullback
Stocks take dynamic support on 21 ema
4. You can Short only if its too extended like 15 to 20% from 21 ema ( Not advised )
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4/n


1. Whenever 21 ema is sloping upwards its called uptrend
2. Whenever 21 ema is sloping downwards its called dowtrend
3. Whenever 21 ema is sideways its called consolidation
⏫Buy in uptrend
⏬Sell in downtrend
Examples:
5/n
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BANASHANKARI AMMA, NEAR BADAMI (KAR)
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Originally built by Chalukyas in 7th century. Devi Banashankari was their family deity. This image of Banashankari Amma was installed by Jagadekamalla I in 630 AD.

Later renovations were done by Marathas.


Once, a demon Durgamasur was troubling the people of this area. Answering the prayers of Devas, Ma Parvati emerged from the yajna fire as Banashankari and killed Durgamasur.
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A long but must read thread. Udaybhan Rathore and myth making in Maratha history: An analysis. This is the thread on Udaybhan Rathore, who he was and how over the time period, his life was portrayed in maratha chronicles and pseudo history. (1/n)

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