BC HEALTH
Saved by @Mollyycolllinss

🧵 on Importance of correct indication of colonoscopic surveillance studies (English 🇺🇸🇬🇧)
@KM_Pawlak @KMonkemuller @drkeithsiau @JacquelineChuMD @PerelmansPearls @stevenbollipo @SWexner @DrBloodandGuts @ebtapper @DCharabaty @RashidLui @AdvaniRashmiMD @AtoosaRabiee @DrMohdZein

 @SultanMahmoodMD @GI_Guy @RodriguezParra_ @DrHarryThomas @TennysonMD @AustinChiangMD @KralJan @thomaskroner @alinkmd #GITwitter
1/ The implementation of screening and surveillance programs can reduce the incidence and mortality of CRC
https://t.co/P0SCUGxmne
2 / But for these to be effective and to guarantee protection against CCR, they must meet a series of conditions. One of them is the correct indication for endoscopic studies for both screening and surveillance.
3 / According to a recent meta-analysis, the minority of patients who undergo colonoscopies have a correct indication, with less than 50% adherence to the surveillance intervals proposed by scientific guidelines.
https://t.co/ysjo3zRhXb
4/ In a survey of different clinical scenarios on CRC surveillance carried out in 1432 physicians by Patel et al., Only 37% correctly answered the questions according to the recommendations (CPG9)
https://t.co/RYPlT6hKnA
5/ This revealed that the knowledge of gastroenterologists about CPG was poor. Although there are many reasons for lack of adherence, adequate knowledge of their recommendations is essential to achieve an acceptable level of adherence.
6/ Lack of adherence can manifest itself in the form of overindication as well as underindication, and both can undermine the effectiveness of a prevention program.
7/ Regarding overindication, a retrospective study of 1500 patients showed a shortening of the surveillance interval in almost 30% of the sample and up to 50% in those patients who had adenomas detected in the index colonoscopy
https://t.co/gwxKqC6euL
8/ Although colonoscopy is a safe study, it is not exempt from complications such as perforation (0.05%), bleeding (0.25%) and death (0.003%), and its overindication generates a net increase in these adverse events
https://t.co/07geSpoUA2
9/ Overuse then generates an increase in costs with marginal benefits ...
https://t.co/ZBT321p0T9
10/ ... and only contributes to the overload and subsequent fatigue of endoscopy units that must attend a higher percentage of patients under unnecessary surveillance.
https://t.co/rIo3OLKFvT
11/ Overindication can also generate a delay in screening, follow-up, or surveillance studies in patients with the correct indication, threatening the effectiveness of CRC prevention.
12/ In order to incorporate new individuals into the programs and perform colonoscopies in this naive population, unnecessary repetition of studies should be avoided, the overuse of the practice should be minimized ...
13/ ... and put more energy into also identifying people at increased risk of CRC who have not yet performed screening procedures.
4/ On the other hand, underindication also carries significant risks, since we can delay the control of patients at high risk of developing metachronous lesions and cancer
15/ A longitudinal cohort study showed that 76% of deaths from CRC were due to failures in the indication of screening and surveillance studies, and that patients with delays in surveillance studies …
16/ .... showed up to 7 times increase the risk of developing CRC
https://t.co/JI4yU3NTbl
17/ For all the aforementioned, the adequate indication for colonoscopic surveillance is considered a quality marker of endoscopy units and represents a key element in achieving an effective prevention program.
https://t.co/90wfYZYUns
That's all folks!

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Contrastingly, Islam produced several intellectuals & polymaths, was on the forefront of scientific development, boasting 100% literacy


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12 Most Powerful Hanuman Mantras

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One can worship Hanuman ji by chanting Hanuman Mantras. There are many different types of Hanuman Mantras, each fulfilling a specific purpose. Hanuman Mantras help to beget the blessings of Mahabali Hanuman for success. 3/n


Let’s explore these powerful Hanuman Mantras one by one. Here’s the list for you:

1. Hanuman Moola Mantra
!! Om Hanumate Namah !!
ऊँ हनुमते नम:

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However, the Human Moola Mantra is also a very powerful success mantra.

It’s a Kaarya Siddhi Mantra.

It is highly advised that all those who usually face obstacles and problems in their life should chant the Hanuman Moola Mantra. 5/n
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Siddhi can loosely be translated as accomplishment or a special power or unusual skill.


The eight Siddhis are:

1. Anima: Reducing one’s physical self to the size of an atom.

2. Mahima: Expanding one’s physical self to infinite level

3. Garima: Making one’s physical self so heavy as immovable by others

4. Laghima: Becoming almost weightless


5. Prapti: Being able travel anywhere in the Universe

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7. Ishitva: Possessing title of Bhagwan

8. Vashitva: A seeker can subdue any person/thing

(Hanuman Jayanti is coming)


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EVOLUTION OF CROWNS

The ancient Indian kings called a head crown as a Mukut and it would mostly constitute of a golden ornamental headgear like an oval cap with gems.

Sometimes it would also include a halo circle to show the divinity of the king

1/7


As it was considered that kings were appointment by the gods themselves. Example the kings of mewar considered themselves to be the ‘Diwan of eklingji')

But in most cases very few Mukut with halo effect have been found.

2/7

Samudragupta in the gupta era coin. You can see the helmet like headwear on him.

Till gupta era the solid golden head wear was used in most days of the monarch.

But since the onset of 8th century it reduced in usage and was now used only as a ceremonial headwear.

3/7


Whereas earlier the Maharaja had to wear the mukut whenever his court was in session.

Still mukut was being used prominently for ceremonial activities till recent times.

Maharaj Dahir of Sindh👇

4/7


But as times past the style of headwear also changed.

The kings mostly wore turbans ordained with pearls and gems while rarely anyone wore a true Mukut after 16th century.

Portrait of Sri Krishna Dev Raya👇

5/7
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