Compilation Thread on ORF8 ORF8 or Fate?
1. ZLS (2018):
"Considering the variability of orf8 in bats, civets and humans, investigating the function of orf8 is a priority, particularly the contribution of these different variants to viral pathogenesis."

2. ORF8 or Fate?
"In addition to receptor binding, proteolytic cleavage of S & potentially other mutations that affect virion & trimer stability may be important for virus transmissibility in different hosts, & these factors need to be studied further."
https://t.co/oNHpIsiM4p
3. ORF8 or Fate?
Overwhelmingly these viruses had mutations or
29 deletions in ORF8 - associated with reduced replicative fitness of the virus.. may be associated with host adaptation
via @CarltheChippy
382-nt deletion during early evolution of SARS-CoV
https://t.co/W5IQwDunCN
4. ORF8 or Fate?
@franciscodeasis reviewed the list of read filenames according to dates and labels:
- Sat 2017-06-03 (7896)
- Sat 2017-06-17 to Tue 2017-06-20 (7896 and ORF8)
- Thu 2018-09-27 to Sun 2018-09-30 (RaTG13)
- Mon 2018-10-08 to Sun 2018-10-14 (no label and TSS)
5. ORF8 or Fate?
What is ORF8? This is Orf8!
https://t.co/21ugtiinhL
6. ORF8 or Fate? keep on saying it!
orf8 NSP12 deletion found in India
https://t.co/1TQ9ftuToV
https://t.co/ysNXp88dWf
7. ORF8 or Fate?
Via @ConsciousEvolu1
What is critically important is that Orf8 and surface Glycoproteins create Porphyrin penetration of the Cell. Resulting in more Severe Infections, Bio-chemic Processes interuption, Heme cleavage and Hypoxia.
https://t.co/XyiU1879Rq
8. ORF8 or Fate?
via @Rossana38510044
"The ORF8 Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Mediates Immune Evasion through Potently Downregulating MHC-I"
https://t.co/m9KY0Fkxkx
9. ORF8 or Fate?
"Immune evasion via SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 protein?"
https://t.co/oEncCgDDvb
10. ORF8 or Fate? Stress Trigger!
"However, 2 proteins (orf8 & orf10) in SARS-CoV-2 have no homologous proteins in SARS-CoV. The amino acid sequence of orf8 in SARS-CoV-2 is different from sequences of conserved orf8 or orf8b derived from human SARS-CoV"
https://t.co/Y76d3b3sH3
11.ORF8 or Fate! Coincidence? No, Trust a Me, it's Natural!
1. Orf8 "combined" with Orf10 to create a Porphyrin Heme Cleave and Orf8 Porphyrin Infectivity
2. WIV were already studying the RaTG13 and 7896 Clade Spike Proteins and Orf8 back in 2018

,
12. via @CZilcho
not a single live virus. genome looks like the version of a "virus" that has been compiled from known RaTG13 contigs & consensus seq from RmYN02 (ORF 1ab, 3a, E, M, 6, 7a) + some unknown seq (passaged viruses?) for S, & 3' from ORF8, N, using Shiver or similar.
13. ORF8 or Fate? ORF8 similarities
Discovery of a rich gene pool of bat SARS-related coronaviruses provides new insights into the origin of SARS coronavirus
Ben Hu (2017)
https://t.co/foBWRXc0Fb
Peppered with 91 references to Orf8
14. ORF8 or Fate? WIV ORF8 Experiments (2017)
Same paper as above
https://t.co/MMO6Br7XQK
15. ORF8 or Fate?
1. ORF8 enhances the viral replication.
2. enhanced ORF8s are main factors contributing to transmission, virulence and host adaptability of CoVs.
3. enhanced ORF8s increase the efficiencies in viral entry into cells and replication

https://t.co/spkLguszNZ
16. ORF8 or Fate?
Back in Time to an ORF8 rich bat cave with WIV and @amicocolorido
Distribution of SARSr-CoVs highly similar to SARS-CoV in the variable S, ORF3 and ORF8 genes in the single cave.
https://t.co/1jU1PaWVoP
17. Some naughty but nice ORF8y images collated by @BidoliNicola
https://t.co/8RQNrSndAs
18. ORF8 or Fate? Back to SARS
https://t.co/PDxyBfpGVg
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus ORF8 Protein Is Acquired from SARS-Related Coronavirus from Greater Horseshoe Bats through Recombination
https://t.co/c5Sxc23SiG
19. ORF8 or Fate?
Latest Findings - ORF8's secrets exposed
" two unique regions: one that is only present in SARS-CoV-2 and its immediate bat ancestor, and one that is absent from any other coronavirus,"
https://t.co/W1xdkYNBRc
20. ORF8 or Fate? WTF is this?
Paper referenced in above article:
The odd structure of ORF8: Mapping the coronavirus protein linked to disease severity
https://t.co/KXtjwScOJ3
21. ORF8 or Fate? via @Harvard2H
Divergence between Orf7a & Orf8 is exceptionally idiosyncratic, as Orf7a is more constrained, whereas Orf8 is subject to rampant change, a peculiar feature that may be related to hitherto unknown viral infection strategies
https://t.co/rskaNzlbXC
22. "Barring a Technical Artefact"
"Protein interactions of SARS-CoV-2 exhibit such a sharp contrast between Orf7a and Orf8 that, barring a technical artifact with respect to coverage..Orf7a generate variants, such as Orf8, wreaking havoc through immune evasion in the host cell"
23. ORF8 or Fate? via @Undergroundsar3
ORF8 is involved somehow in apoptosis/viral cytolysis pathway and functions to optimize spread of virons while cloaking the infected host cell from CD8+ killer T-cell surveillance.
24. ORF8 or Fate? @SBgrid
1. Solved structure of SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 uncovers vital role in immune suppression & evasion
https://t.co/DNHkoOG9it
2. Covalent dimer is an "evolutionarily" recent addition unique to SARS-CoV-2
3. SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 contains a large, unstructured insertion
25. ORF8 or Fate?
Question for Hans Kristian from @Undergroundsar3
What are your thoughts on the CD8+ t-cell story in the milieu of the host (vs. test tube humoral only neutralization assays) where ORF8 is expressed?
https://t.co/pka3kgY9kA
Referenicing:
https://t.co/cc4hZdk3SY
26. Added Bonus: DIY ORF8
https://t.co/R5ZUPJNMFf
27. ORF8 or Fate?
Evolutionary dynamics of the SARS-CoV-2 ORF8 accessory gene
https://t.co/R2PvNsVleu
28. ORF8 or Fate?
Characterization of accessory genes in coronavirus genomes
https://t.co/Rwehz9SEDS
29. ORF8 or Fate? To be or not to be?
SARS-CoV-2 variants combining spike mutations & absence of ORF8 may be more transmissible & require close monitoring
https://t.co/yWNSdWqMBr
SARS-CoV-2 phylogeny highlighting ORF8-deficient variants resulting from nonsense mutation E64stop.

More from Billy Bostickson 🏴👁&👁 🆓

1. Updated Thread on:
A, Wuhan Seafood Market Positive Environmental Samples, B. Early Local Reports about Animals at the Market
C. CCP Censorship and Police harassment of local activists uploading censored news reports to GitHub.
The original thread was a mess!

2. CCP Censorship & Police harassment of local activists uploading censored news reports to GitHub.
It all started with a simple search query:
"market" "animal" on a github database:
https://t.co/q2HxuUuHKa
Only to find that it had been deleted on github due to CCP pressure!

3. Github is Censorship proof, right?
It does not get deleted! But..
https://t.co/k7BJWUgWDq
Arms get Twisted!
https://t.co/ckzicj7NlE
Please remember these brave young activists for creating a permanent record of censored news from the early days while CCP rewrites history


4. What a shock!
But thanks to the very nature of GitHub, "forks" and "clones" had been made & saved.
The best one is here:
https://t.co/ZWiyWK9SAa
Obviously all in Chinese ;) but tks to Google Chrome we can right click translate to English & find archived scrubbed Chinese news


5. "This is an archive of in-depth reports and personal narratives on the COVID-19 outbreak in China"
Contains media reports, non-fictional works and personal narratives related to the 2020 coronavirus pneumonia.
Part of the archive is provided by netizens, I am grateful.
November 3 - 9, 2019 -Wuhan Institute of Virology
International Training Course on Biosafety Laboratory Management and Technology
1. Daniel Feakes, head of UN Biological Weapons Convention implementation support agency
2. René Courcol, quality control system expert, France's BSL


List of Lecturers with short bios at
November 3 - 9, WIV Training Course:
https://t.co/Bsd9yO40JP
YUAN Zhiming Professor, Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS (Deputy Director)
SONG Donglin, Professor, Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS ( Deputy Director of Wuhan BSL-4 Laboratory.)

Dr. TONG Xiao Senior Engineer at WIV (Molecular Virology & (HIV) infection, mechanical & vaccine immunology) On-site Manager & Chief engineer for WIV BSL-4 Lab construction, maintenance & biosafety equipment R&D.

Zhengli Shi, Director of WIV Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, now in charge of scientific activity in BSL3 & BSL4. Viral pathogen discovery through sequencing techniques, wildlife-borne viral pathogens, particularly bat-borne viruses since 2004.

DENG Fei, Principle Investigator in Research Group on Viruses Resources & Biotechnology in WIV, also Director of Microorganisms & Viruses Resource Center.
Graduate of ECUST, went to Great Lakes Forestry Center, Canada in 2001 & Wageningen University, NL to study baculovirus.
@EricTopol @NBA @StephenKissler @yhgrad B.1.1.7 reveals clearly that SARS-CoV-2 is reverting to its original pre-outbreak condition, i.e. adapted to transgenic hACE2 mice (either Baric's BALB/c ones or others used at WIV labs during chimeric bat coronavirus experiments aimed at developing a pan betacoronavirus vaccine)

@NBA @StephenKissler @yhgrad 1. From Day 1, SARS-COV-2 was very well adapted to humans .....and transgenic hACE2 Mice


@NBA @StephenKissler @yhgrad 2. High Probability of serial passaging in Transgenic Mice expressing hACE2 in genesis of SARS-COV-2


@NBA @StephenKissler @yhgrad B.1.1.7 has an unusually large number of genetic changes, ... found to date in mouse-adapted SARS-CoV2 and is also seen in ferret infections.
https://t.co/9Z4oJmkcKj


@NBA @StephenKissler @yhgrad We adapted a clinical isolate of SARS-CoV-2 by serial passaging in the ... Thus, this mouse-adapted strain and associated challenge model should be ... (B) SARS-CoV-2 genomic RNA loads in mouse lung homogenates at P0 to P6.
https://t.co/I90OOCJg7o
1. Strange goings on down at Uncle Sam's Farm in Ukraine?

h/t @DrKevinWMcCair1 video:

https://t.co/1lrFeWcakB

From Daily Expose:

U.S. DoD awarded a contract for ‘COVID-19 Research’ in Ukraine 3 months before Covid was known to even

2. The findings seem to be kosher and can "currently" be confirmed by:

1. checking the DOD Award to Black & Veatch
CONT_IDV_HDTRA108D0007_9700, here:

https://t.co/G5ZEUhPm5U

2. click the tab for sub-awards

3. 7th down from top

4. 19-6192 is the sub-award ID

5. Note Date


3. Download the CSV file by clicking top right:

Again Data is confirmed (with more detail in Column 32 in the csv file)


4. CSV Details (Column 32)

Note Kiev, Ukraine Mentioned and Date 2019


5. CSV Details (2)

Mentions Labyrinth's HQ in Saint Petersburg, Florida, not Russia ;)

URL in CSV directs to original URL

https://t.co/G5ZEUhPm5U

Copy & Paste URL, not click.

Last column with date does not refute finding, it is:

"subaward_fsrs_report_last_modified_date"
1/10 What's all this then?
Biotech or biohazard?
A proposed federal lab in Butner would study the world's deadliest diseases
https://t.co/krnmueAd80
is it being built there or elsewhere, at Kansas University?


2/10 Shades of Plum Island?
New Proposal:
https://t.co/Lv3FgBgyas
GAO reports on security and safety lapses at Plum Island Animal Disease Research Center
Plum Island 1: https://t.co/pXSHgg1KKN
Plum Island 2:
https://t.co/O9oS0WXYOz


3/10 National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility
By memo dated December 4, 2008, the Department of Homeland Security named the Kansas site as the preferred location for the NBAF. On January 16, 2009, the record of decision was published in the Federal

4/10 Lucky ole Kansas!
The $1.25 billion facility is a biosafety level-4 laboratory and will replace the aging Plum Island Animal Disease Center.
NBAF is expected to be operational by 2022-2023.
Manhattan, Kansas, was selected as the location for NBAF.
https://t.co/kiokkFsT6v


5/10 The facility continues forward - Apr 19, 2020
https://t.co/JlstInKIRS
https://t.co/DtbLD9Tvxb
The 500,000 square foot building will have a $3.5 billion impact on the Kansas economy and many lab

More from All

🌺श्री गरुड़ पुराण - संक्षिप्त वर्णन🌺

हिन्दु धर्म के 18 पुराणों में से एक गरुड़ पुराण का हिन्दु धर्म में बड़ा महत्व है। गरुड़ पुराण में मृत्यु के बाद सद्गती की व्याख्या मिलती है। इस पुराण के अधिष्ठातृ देव भगवान विष्णु हैं, इसलिए ये वैष्णव पुराण है।


गरुड़ पुराण के अनुसार हमारे कर्मों का फल हमें हमारे जीवन-काल में तो मिलता ही है परंतु मृत्यु के बाद भी अच्छे बुरे कार्यों का उनके अनुसार फल मिलता है। इस कारण इस पुराण में निहित ज्ञान को प्राप्त करने के लिए घर के किसी सदस्य की मृत्यु के बाद का समय निर्धारित किया गया है...

..ताकि उस समय हम जीवन-मरण से जुड़े सभी सत्य जान सकें और मृत्यु के कारण बिछडने वाले सदस्य का दुख कम हो सके।
गरुड़ पुराण में विष्णु की भक्ति व अवतारों का विस्तार से उसी प्रकार वर्णन मिलता है जिस प्रकार भगवत पुराण में।आरम्भ में मनु से सृष्टि की उत्पत्ति,ध्रुव चरित्र की कथा मिलती है।


तदुपरांत सुर्य व चंद्र ग्रहों के मंत्र, शिव-पार्वती मंत्र,इन्द्र सम्बंधित मंत्र,सरस्वती मंत्र और नौ शक्तियों के बारे में विस्तार से बताया गया है।
इस पुराण में उन्नीस हज़ार श्लोक बताए जाते हैं और इसे दो भागों में कहा जाता है।
प्रथम भाग में विष्णुभक्ति और पूजा विधियों का उल्लेख है।

मृत्यु के उपरांत गरुड़ पुराण के श्रवण का प्रावधान है ।
पुराण के द्वितीय भाग में 'प्रेतकल्प' का विस्तार से वर्णन और नरकों में जीव के पड़ने का वृत्तांत मिलता है। मरने के बाद मनुष्य की क्या गति होती है, उसका किस प्रकार की योनियों में जन्म होता है, प्रेत योनि से मुक्ति के उपाय...
How can we use language supervision to learn better visual representations for robotics?

Introducing Voltron: Language-Driven Representation Learning for Robotics!

Paper: https://t.co/gIsRPtSjKz
Models: https://t.co/NOB3cpATYG
Evaluation: https://t.co/aOzQu95J8z

🧵👇(1 / 12)


Videos of humans performing everyday tasks (Something-Something-v2, Ego4D) offer a rich and diverse resource for learning representations for robotic manipulation.

Yet, an underused part of these datasets are the rich, natural language annotations accompanying each video. (2/12)

The Voltron framework offers a simple way to use language supervision to shape representation learning, building off of prior work in representations for robotics like MVP (
https://t.co/Pb0mk9hb4i) and R3M (https://t.co/o2Fkc3fP0e).

The secret is *balance* (3/12)

Starting with a masked autoencoder over frames from these video clips, make a choice:

1) Condition on language and improve our ability to reconstruct the scene.

2) Generate language given the visual representation and improve our ability to describe what's happening. (4/12)

By trading off *conditioning* and *generation* we show that we can learn 1) better representations than prior methods, and 2) explicitly shape the balance of low and high-level features captured.

Why is the ability to shape this balance important? (5/12)

You May Also Like

**Thread on Bravery of Sikhs**
(I am forced to do this due to continuous hounding of Sikh Extremists since yesterday)

Rani Jindan Kaur, wife of Maharaja Ranjit Singh had illegitimate relations with Lal Singh (PM of Ranjit Singh). Along with Lal Singh, she attacked Jammu, burnt - https://t.co/EfjAq59AyI


Hindu villages of Jasrota, caused rebellion in Jammu, attacked Kishtwar.

Ancestors of Raja Ranjit Singh, The Sansi Tribe used to give daughters as concubines to Jahangir.


The Ludhiana Political Agency (Later NW Fronties Prov) was formed by less than 4000 British soldiers who advanced from Delhi and reached Ludhiana, receiving submissions of all sikh chiefs along the way. The submission of the troops of Raja of Lahore (Ranjit Singh) at Ambala.

Dabistan a contemporary book on Sikh History tells us that Guru Hargobind broke Naina devi Idol Same source describes Guru Hargobind serving a eunuch
YarKhan. (ref was proudly shared by a sikh on twitter)
Gobind Singh followed Bahadur Shah to Deccan to fight for him.


In Zafarnama, Guru Gobind Singh states that the reason he was in conflict with the Hill Rajas was that while they were worshiping idols, while he was an idol-breaker.

And idiot Hindus place him along Maharana, Prithviraj and Shivaji as saviours of Dharma.