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Santiago
@svpino 5 years, 7 months ago 785 views

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Some of the things I've learned in more than 20 years in the tech industry.

You need to hear these.

🧵👇

Listen to more people who don't look like you, don't speak your language, and don't come from the same place you do.

We aren't doing this near enough.

Small habits compound.

No small improvement is too small.

Just aim for something new every day, and you'll be surprised at the end.

Take responsibility.

It doesn't really matter how you feel, I'm sure you could have done better.

Always keep the big picture in mind and never lose the forest for the trees.

Be the person that pulls everyone out of the rabbit holes.

Focus on the final goal, and don't worry too much about how you get there.

Great results will get you farther than processes, but good processes can help you achieve good results.

Be generous with your knowledge.

It's funny how everything you share finds a way to reward you back.

Who you are is more important than who you were.

We all make mistakes. Move on from them and focus on what's coming.

There are no stupid questions.

Ask away!

(There are, however, stupid people with fragile egos that get bothered when others ask. Ignore them.)

Change is the only thing you can always count on. (And death, and taxes, of course.)

Embrace change.

Better is not always best.

People fantasize about perfection, but perfectionism rarely wins.

Shipping more often will give you better odds than gilding the lily.

Learn to say no.

(I can't say this loud enough!)

Be gracious, professional, nice, but say it more.

Make a habit out of learning.

What you know today will be outdated tomorrow.

Make a plan to keep up and follow it... or you'll get behind.

Focus on one thing at a time.

Multi-tasking murders productivity.

(And turn your phone off!)

Job-hoping may be great for your bank account, but it does nothing to improve the impact you make in the world.

(And it looks horrible in your resume.)

Ideas are worth shit. Execution is worth everything.

Don't be the "idea person". Be the one that takes them and runs with them.

Good communication is a fundamental asset.

You can never invest too much in improving it.

(It doesn't matter how technically good you are if you can't properly communicate with others.)

More from Santiago

Santiago
@svpino

20 machine learning questions that will make you think.

(Cool questions. Not the regular, introductory stuff that you find everywhere.)

🧵👇

1. Why is it important to introduce non-linearities in a neural network?

2. What are the differences between a multi-class classification problem and a multi-label classification problem?

3. Why does the use of Dropout work as a regularizer?

👇

4. Why you shouldn't use a softmax output activation function in a multi-label classification problem when using a one-hot-encoded target?

5. Does the use of Dropout in your model slow down or speed up the training process? Why?

👇

6. In a Linear or Logistic Regression problem, do all Gradient Descent algorithms lead to the same model, provided you let them run long enough?

7. Explain the difference between Batch Gradient Descent, Stochastic Gradient Descent, and Mini-batch Gradient Descent.

👇

8. What are the advantages of Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) over a fully connected network for image classification?

9. What are the advantages of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) over a fully connected network when working with text data?

👇

Santiago
@svpino

I'll blow your mind with a technique you aren't using yet.

Sometimes, you want your system to do exactly the opposite of what your machine learning model thinks you should do.

Let me convince you. ↓

I'm going to start with a nice problem:

Imagine a model that looks at a picture of an electrical transformer and predicts whether it's about to break or not.

Don't worry about how the model does this. We are going to focus on the results instead.

There are 4 possible results for this model:

1. It predicts a bad unit as bad.
2. It predicts a bad unit as good.
3. It predicts a good unit as bad.
4. It predicts a good unit as good.

#2 and #3 are the mistakes the model makes.

Assuming we run 100 units through the model, we can organize the results in a matrix:

• The rows represent the "actual" condition of the transformer.

• The columns represent the "prediction" of the model.

We call this a "Confusion Matrix."

This is how we can read this confusion matrix:

• 60 bad units were predicted as bad.
• 3 bad units were predicted as good.
• 7 good units were predicted as bad.
• 30 good units were predicted as good.

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Santiago
@svpino

One of the most popular activation functions used in deep learning models is ReLU.

I asked: "Is ReLU continuous and differentiable?"

Surprisingly, a lot of people were confused about this.

Let's break this down step by step: ↓

Let's start by defining ReLU:

f(x) = max(0, x)

In English: if x <= 0, the function will return 0. Otherwise, the function will return x.

If you draw this function, you'll get the attached chart.

Notice there are no discontinuities in the function.

This should be enough to answer half of the original question: the ReLU function is continuous.

Let's now think about the differentiable part.

A necessary condition for a function to be differentiable: it must be continuous.

ReLU is continuous. That's good, but not enough.

Its derivative should also exist for every individual point.

Here is where things get interesting.

We can compute the derivative of a function using the attached formula.

(I'm not going to explain where this is coming from; you can trust me on this one.)

We can use this formula to see whether ReLU is differentiable.

Santiago
@svpino

10 machine learning YouTube videos.

On libraries, algorithms, and tools.

(If you want to start with machine learning, having a comprehensive set of hands-on tutorials you can always refer to is fundamental.)

🧵👇

1⃣ Notebooks are a fantastic way to code, experiment, and communicate your results.

Take a look at @CoreyMSchafer's fantastic 30-minute tutorial on Jupyter Notebooks.

https://t.co/HqE9yt8TkB

2⃣ The Pandas library is the gold-standard to manipulate structured data.

Check out @joejamesusa's "Pandas Tutorial. Intro to DataFrames."

https://t.co/aOLh0dcGF5

3⃣ Data visualization is key for anyone practicing machine learning.

Check out @blondiebytes's "Learn Matplotlib in 6 minutes" tutorial.

https://t.co/QxjsODI1HB

4⃣ Another trendy data visualization library is Seaborn.

@NewThinkTank put together "Seaborn Tutorial 2020," which I highly recommend.

https://t.co/eAU5NBucbm

Santiago
@svpino

The two main machine learning techniques used in the industry today:

1. Gradient Boosted Trees
2. Deep Learning

Focus your time learning Scikit-Learn, XGBoost, and a Deep Learning library like Keras or PyTorch and you'll get the most for your time.

If you need to deal with structured data: Scikit-Learn + XGBoost.

If you need to deal with unstructured data (perceptual tasks): Keras or PyTorch.

Of course, there are many more techniques that will be helpful, but if you focus on these you'll be maximizing your ability to deliver value in the short term.

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Yoel Roth
@yoyoel

We’ve recently seen research about so-called “bots” and misinformation on Twitter and wanted to share our perspective on why findings that might seem remarkable at first are likely inaccurate. We’re working on a more detailed explanation, but some comments for now.

We continue to be excited by the research opportunities that Twitter data provides. Our service is the largest source of real-time social media data, and we make this data available to the public for free through our public API. No other major service does this.

Many researchers, academics, and journalists use our public API — a set of tools for programmatically accessing information on Twitter. We make all public Twitter content available via our APIs. You can learn more about them here:

The basic issue with much of the research based on our public APIs is simple: The APIs don't provide insight into our defensive actions to protect Twitter from manipulation, including bots.

Because of this, API-based research can't distinguish between accounts we've already identified as bad (and hidden or removed) and real, authentic ones.

Luca Hammer
@luca

Two years ago on a weekend, I built a tool to make it easier to evaluate Twitter accounts. Since then 36590 people used it to analyze 55390 different Twitter accounts.

Over the last months @mmkaradeniz and I made a new version. We launched it last night:

@accountanalysis doesn't use machine learning or AI „magic“. Instead of telling users if an account is authentic or not, it helps them to evaluate the accounts themselves.

It visualizes the different features (date, time, type, app, etc.) of Tweets to make them interpretable. /1

@accountanalysis The core concept is still the same, but it looks much better and is easier to operate. Not only for the users, but us developers as well. Enabling us to continuously roll out new features in the future.

Side-by-side screenshots of the old and new version. /2

@accountanalysis Some people had questions what different charts displayed and how they could be interpreted. There are now explanations for all charts, that can be toggled on and off at any time. /3

@accountanalysis The selected/retrieved Tweet count moved to the top to make it clear that not all Tweets of an account are analyzed. 3200 is the API limit by Twitter. It's possible to get more through the Premium API, but I don't think people would pay $100+ for the analysis of one account. /4

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Patrick McKenzie
@patio11

It’s underremarked upon that stablecoins accomplish basically all of the original design goals for Bitcoin qua a transactional mechanism (instant free value transfer anywhere), but that nobody cares about this because nobody ever cared about that part of the pitch.

“Why do people care about stablecoins then?”

A mix of “they encourage dollar-denominated liquidity in the cryptocurrency ecosystem and discourage withdrawal of the same” and “they’re good for money laundering.”

“But they make value transfer between exchanges much faster!”

This was a solved problem in traditional finance, too, mostly through the extension of credit. (It doesn’t matter how long settlement takes if there is sufficient trust to enable credit.)

The Bitcoin ecosystem is *positively allergic* to credit, so you have to call it a coin for them to accept it. And after you call it a coin they ignore everything the world has learned about credit, like risk management.

“Stablecoins aren’t credit!”

They’re pretty much exactly credit? A tether is a zero-coupon Bitfinex bond with a non-functioning call option. I

Shaan Puri
@ShaanVP

The ancient struggle was not having enough.

The modern struggle is having too much.

Too much news, too much sugar, too much of everything at your fingertips..There's only 1 way out.

Let's lay it out:

On one side, you have "Team Dopamine":
* 24/7 news cycle, full of clickbait headlines
* Social Media, friend's pics that disappear in 24 hours
* Endless varieties of sugar & porn

going up against your tiny, 3 pound brain running 20,000 yr old software

Even if you are a smart person who tries their best to stay healthy & happy... you are going up against Fox News, TikTok, PornHub, Robinhood, Instagram

These are weapons of mental destruction.

Thousands of our smartest engineers & data scientists work at these companies.

They run constant experiments. Fighting against each other for every moment of your attention. So you open THEIR app.

It's skinner's box, rats pushing buttons for rewards. But you're the lab rat.

So what do we do?

We have everything. More than any species, at any time period in history. It's wonderful...but also deadly.

Food injected with syrup sugar
Painkillers you can't live without
Video games where you can fly and kill
Porn better than any date you'll ever have

Matt Stoller
@matthewstoller

1. One of the best changes in recent years is the GOP abandoning libertarianism. Here's GOP Rep. Greg Steube: “I do think there is an appetite amongst Republicans, if the Dems wanted to try to break up Big Tech, I think there is support for that."

2. And @RepKenBuck, who offered a thoughtful Third Way report on antitrust law in 2020, weighed in quite reasonably on Biden antitrust frameworks.

3. I believe this change is sincere because it's so pervasive and beginning to result in real policy changes. Example: The North Dakota GOP is taking on Apple's app store.

Republican North Dakota legislators have introduced #SB2333, a bill that prohibits large tech companies from locking their users into a single app store or payment processor.https://t.co/PgyhgOhFAl

1/ pic.twitter.com/KZ8BMFQoPO
— Cory Doctorow #BLM (@doctorow) February 11, 2021

4. And yet there's a problem. The GOP establishment is still pro-big tech. Trump, despite some of his instincts, appointed pro-monopoly antitrust enforcers. Antitrust chief Makan Delrahim helped big tech, and the antitrust case happened bc he was recused.

5. At the other sleepy antitrust agency, the Federal Trade Commission, Trump appointed commissioners
@FTCPhillips and @CSWilsonFTC are both pro-monopoly. Both voted *against* the antitrust case on FB. That case was 3-2, with a GOP Chair and 2 Dems teaming up against 2 Rs.

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$Anu Satheesh \U0001f1ee\U0001f1f3$

Anu Satheesh 🇮🇳...
@AnuSatheesh5

Bhoga Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy Temple
#Devarayanadurga
#Karnatakatemples 🚩

Bhoga Yoga Narasimha Swamy Temple, Devarayanadurga is located near Tumkur of Karnataka. There are two temples are here for Narasimha Swamy, one is at the base of the hill which is Bhoga Narasimhar and 👇

the other on the top of hill which is Yoga Narasimhar.

Bhoga Narasimha swamy Temple Prathista is said to be done by Maharshi Durvasa who did tapasya here. While doing tapasya Muni wished to bath in river Ganga and decided to travel to Ganga river bank,

At that time Ganga Devi appeared here and said she will remain here in the temple pond.

Yoga Narasimha swamy Prathista is believed to be done by Bhrama Deva who did tapasya here for many years.

Narasimhar appeared with Lakshmi Devi here to give darshan to Bhrama Deva here.

उग्रं वीरं महाविष्णुं ज्वलन्तं सर्वतोमुखम्।
नृसिंहं भीषणं भद्रं मृत्युमृत्युं नमाम्यहम् ॥

Om Shri Narasimha Murthaye Namah
🙏🕉🙏

Vibhu Vashisth
@VIBHU_Tweet

🌺श्री गरुड़ पुराण - संक्षिप्त वर्णन🌺

हिन्दु धर्म के 18 पुराणों में से एक गरुड़ पुराण का हिन्दु धर्म में बड़ा महत्व है। गरुड़ पुराण में मृत्यु के बाद सद्गती की व्याख्या मिलती है। इस पुराण के अधिष्ठातृ देव भगवान विष्णु हैं, इसलिए ये वैष्णव पुराण है।

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..ताकि उस समय हम जीवन-मरण से जुड़े सभी सत्य जान सकें और मृत्यु के कारण बिछडने वाले सदस्य का दुख कम हो सके।
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तदुपरांत सुर्य व चंद्र ग्रहों के मंत्र, शिव-पार्वती मंत्र,इन्द्र सम्बंधित मंत्र,सरस्वती मंत्र और नौ शक्तियों के बारे में विस्तार से बताया गया है।
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मृत्यु के उपरांत गरुड़ पुराण के श्रवण का प्रावधान है ।
पुराण के द्वितीय भाग में 'प्रेतकल्प' का विस्तार से वर्णन और नरकों में जीव के पड़ने का वृत्तांत मिलता है। मरने के बाद मनुष्य की क्या गति होती है, उसका किस प्रकार की योनियों में जन्म होता है, प्रेत योनि से मुक्ति के उपाय...

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Dr. Jane Clare Jones
@janeclarejones

So, on the subject of bonkers hyperbolic pretzeling over the Bell judgement, Grace 'destroy books I don't like & make inappropriate jokes about sterilising teenage girls' Lavery has some thoughts.

Tell me why my feminism is wrong Grace.

Oh

Well, if anyone thought the Bell judgment was going to make TRAs reconsider making massively overblown claims with no evidence backed up with nothing but a thick wadge of emotional blackmail.... HAHAHA, no one thought that.

A high court in the UK made a delimited judgment about teenager's ability to consent to puberty blockers. This puts all trans people everywhere in the world at risk.

Because if any human anywhere has any thoughts that deviate in any way from the rote line dictated by

the trans rights movement, this puts all trans people everywhere in mortal danger.

Let's be honest Grace. It doesn't put trans people at risk. It puts trans ideology at risk. Because trans ideology depends on the idea of innate gender identity, and the trans child is the

necessary material evidence of the ontology of gender identity.

That is, children are being medicalised to provide evidence to underwrite adults identities.

Nothing to see here.

Janmajit Sinha
@Impregnable007

#Thread - 1/21

A story of a brave woman who let her "breast" cut to protect the life of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose!

Neera Arya was born on March 5 1902 in Khekra Nagar, Uttar Pradesh in a distinguished & eminent businessman Seth Chhajumal's family. Since her childhood,

2/21
She was a true nationalist & always had a vision of becoming a part of the freedom fighter movement. She was also reportedly accused as an undercover by the British Govt.

That was the time when her father's business was flourishing in Calcutta, though his business was..

3/21
spread across the country but Calcutta was the center of his business and that was one of the reasons why her education was done in Calcutta. During that period of time, she had learned quite a few languages along with Bengali, Hindi, English.

4/21
Her father got her married to a CID Inspector "Shrikant Jairanjan Das" in British India but they were two different individuals, Neera Arya was a true nationalist but her husband was a true British servant. She was highly motivated & she had an urge of getting us freedom..

5/21
so she ended up joining the Jhansi Regiment in Azad Hind Fauz after the marriage. It was the regiment that the British always accused them of spying on British Govt.

It was the time when Neera's husband Jairanjan Das was given the responsibility to spy on Netaji Subhash..

Patrick Chovanec
@prchovanec

1. Let's talk about Albanians. No, not THOSE Albanians, in the Balkans. The Caucasian Albanians, the pre-Turkish inhabitants of the land now known as Azerbaijan. 🇦🇿

2. Yeah, I know, there's also an "Iberia" there, which should cause even more confusion (with Spain), but let's focus on "Albania".

3. This ancient church in the village of Nij (or Nic), just south of the Caucasus Mountains, belongs to the Udi people, a Christian minority in Azerbaijan descended from the area’s pre-Turkic Caucasian Albanians. 🇦🇿

4. Nearby are the ruins of the Caucasian Albanian capital of “old” Gabala (Qebele), where I was given a personal tour by one of the resident archeologists (just for showing up). 🇦🇿

5. Only a very tiny portion of the extensive site has been excavated. “Every place you dig,” the archeologist told me, “you will find artifacts.” This whole field is a city waiting to be uncovered.