See how unprecedented mining in the forests of Odisha has violated a raft of laws and regulations, severely despoiled the complex eco-system, and resulted in windfall profits for miners at the cost of the public exchequer. [Photo Thread] 1/n

Full story: https://t.co/oH82uzNHzg

North Odisha’s rich deciduous forests and mountain ranges hold 1/3 of India’s haematite iron ore reserves. Here, a mining company constructs a road through the forests around the mining town of Bonai. Mining is done in over 45,000 hectares (ha) of which 34,000 is forested area
This makes it the site of the state’s largest corruption scam. Truck traffic ferrying iron ore dominates the area’s roads. They only halt on Sundays, after villagers agitated for this weekly break so that they could use the roads to attend church and visit markets. 3/n
Trucks jam the road leading up to the mines in the Kurmitar mountain range. The Supreme Court-appointed Justice MB Shah Commission estimated that at current rates of extraction, quality iron ore reserves in this region could run out in 35 years—the government rejected the claim
The Shah Commission’s report was tabled in Parliament on February 10, 2014. Over the past decade, fuelled by a commodity boom led by exports to China, mining increased manifold. These images show the contrast between the mined landscape, and areas that are yet to be mined. 5/n
An indigenous man walks across a dried mountain stream. He says locals have seen the stream’s fish population disappear in the past 7 years. During the rainy season, waste from the mine flows downhill into the stream, making it impossible to cultivate the kharif crop. 6/n
The remoteness of villages ensures that the limited safeguards which Adivasi communities have, such as participating in environmental public hearings or consenting to chopping off of trees for projects, are effortlessly violated by mining companies and government officials. 7/n
The area’s indigenous Adivasis are deeply dependent on forest produce, including lac, mahua, and sal for food, fuel, and livelihood. The loot is encouraged as much by opaque governing, as by the state’s traditional contempt for these marginalised Adivasi communities. 8/n
Post a 9-hour workday in Orissa Mining Corporation’s iron ore mine, Jaitru Giri and his family return to their shack, at the mine’s outskirts. The Shah Commission criticised mining companies for not paying labourers a fair wage despite making profits from illegal mining. 9/n
Villagers opposed South Korean steel giant POSCO’s plans to start a mine in the area. The residents' primary fear was the mine’s environmental impacts on the area’s network of mountain streams, which currently irrigate their farms, allowing them to grow crops all through the year

More from Society

So, as the #MegaMillions jackpot reaches a record $1.6B and #Powerball reaches $620M, here's my advice about how to spend the money in a way that will truly set you, your children and their kids up for life.

Ready?

Create a private foundation and give it all away. 1/

Let's stipulate first that lottery winners often have a hard time. Being publicly identified makes you a target for "friends" and "family" who want your money, as well as for non-family grifters and con men. 2/

The stress can be damaging, even deadly, and Uncle Sam takes his huge cut. Plus, having a big pool of disposable income can be irresistible to people not accustomed to managing wealth.
https://t.co/fiHsuJyZwz 3/

Meanwhile, the private foundation is as close as we come to Downton Abbey and the landed aristocracy in this country. It's a largely untaxed pot of money that grows significantly over time, and those who control them tend to entrench their own privileges and those of their kin. 4

Here's how it works for a big lotto winner:

1. Win the prize.
2. Announce that you are donating it to the YOUR NAME HERE Family Foundation.
3. Receive massive plaudits in the press. You will be a folk hero for this decision.
4. Appoint only trusted friends/family to board. 5/

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A brief analysis and comparison of the CSS for Twitter's PWA vs Twitter's legacy desktop website. The difference is dramatic and I'll touch on some reasons why.

Legacy site *downloads* ~630 KB CSS per theme and writing direction.

6,769 rules
9,252 selectors
16.7k declarations
3,370 unique declarations
44 media queries
36 unique colors
50 unique background colors
46 unique font sizes
39 unique z-indices

https://t.co/qyl4Bt1i5x


PWA *incrementally generates* ~30 KB CSS that handles all themes and writing directions.

735 rules
740 selectors
757 declarations
730 unique declarations
0 media queries
11 unique colors
32 unique background colors
15 unique font sizes
7 unique z-indices

https://t.co/w7oNG5KUkJ


The legacy site's CSS is what happens when hundreds of people directly write CSS over many years. Specificity wars, redundancy, a house of cards that can't be fixed. The result is extremely inefficient and error-prone styling that punishes users and developers.

The PWA's CSS is generated on-demand by a JS framework that manages styles and outputs "atomic CSS". The framework can enforce strict constraints and perform optimisations, which is why the CSS is so much smaller and safer. Style conflicts and unbounded CSS growth are avoided.