BC GOVERNMENT
Saved by @CodyyyGardner

A super simple thread to help everyone understand the concept of 'Fiscal Deficit' and what happens when government spends more than its receipts. 👇🧵

#fiscaldeficit #economics #financialliteracy

 1. Let us understand everything bit by bit.
Say, Raju is a businessman. Now, like every businessman, Raju is ambitious and curious to know his profit. Hence, he keeps his accounts to calculate his profit.
2. Throughout the year, his total revenue was Rs.10 lakh and his total expenditure was Rs.8 lakh. Hence, Raju is having profit or surplus of Rs.2 lakh.
3. The next year, due to lack of demand, his revenue fell to Rs.7 lakh and his expenses increased to Rs.9 lakh. Hence, Raju is now having loss or deficit of Rs.2 lakh.
4. Now, let us replace ‘Raju’ with ‘Government’ and you get the concept of ‘Fiscal surplus/ deficit’.
5. To put in simple words, every year government receives income through sources like Taxes, fines, penalties, license fees, etc. and expends money on various infrastructure projects, salaries to its employees, etc.
6. Now if,
👉The Government Receipt (excluding borrowings) > The Government Expenditure, then the difference is called as ‘Fiscal Surplus’.
👉The Government Receipts (excluding borrowings) < The Government Expenditure, then the difference is called as ‘Fiscal Deficit’.
7. Now, in India’s case we rarely see a situation like ‘Fiscal Surplus’ as Government ‘Expenditure’ almost always exceeds Government ‘Receipts’.
Many people see this in a bad light. But, it is not as bad as it looks. Why so? Lets find out!
8. India is a developing country. And when we say this, it would mean that the government is always trying hard to increase the economic growth rate.
9. Now, one way of doing this is by increasing the government expenditure. Let’s dig deep to understand how increased government expenditure could mean good for economy.
10. One man’s income would mean another man’s expenditure. Hence, with government increasing the expenditure, there will be more government projects like construction of airports, roads, dams, flyovers, etc. This would mean more money in the hands of people.
11. Whenever, there is increase in income of people, there will be increase in demand of goods and services due to increase in the purchasing power. Hence, this will cause the money cycle to move faster.
12. More income would also mean more savings and hence the bank deposits will boost. More bank deposits would also boost the loan and credit flow.
More credit would mean businesses would invest more money and there will be increase in employment, output and income.
13. Thus, the government expending more will have a multiplier like effect. You may read this to get a better picture. https://t.co/HiBrbbgXBW
14. Now, another question that may pop up here is how can government spend more than it is earning. Well, that is where the borrowing part comes.
15. The fact that there is Fiscal Deficit and not Fiscal Surplus would mean that the government needs more money for expending that what it actually has.
16. Hence, the government will have to borrow money to finance the deficit. It may borrow from RBI (Reserve Bank of India) or even from International organizations like IMF (International Monetary Fund) or even the World Bank.
17. Every year the government plans its income and expenditure through what we popularly know as ‘Union Budget’. Fiscal Deficit is always expressed as a percentage of GDP (Gross Domestic Product) which truly represents the value of economy for an year.
18. If you want to understand the concept of GDP, you may refer this thread,
https://t.co/hf9ucOopdY
Tagging @gvkreddi, @Dinesh_Sairam, @MehHarshil, @dmuthuk for better reach.
Let us spread financial literacy!

More from swapnilkabra

swapnilkabra
swapnilkabra
@caswapnilkabra
An extensive yet super simple thread to understand the role of @RBI and how it uses 'Repo Rate' and 'Reverse Repo Rate' 👇🧵

You may bookmark this for further use.

#economy #RBI #financialliteracy

1. Let us first understand the role of Reserve Bank of India in managing the Indian economy.
There are two major elements of the Indian economy.

👉The Businesses:
They are the producers of the goods and services. Any business would be happy if it is growing and the prices of the goods and services sold are ever rising. They would be more interested in ‘Economic growth’.

👉 The Households: These are the people who are consumers and they spend the money to buy the goods and services which are sold by the businesses. Any consumer would be happy if the prices of the goods and services are low. Hence, they would be interested in ‘Less Inflation’.

2. As the prices of goods and services rise, there will be economic growth in nominal sense but then there will also be inflation which is perceived as a problem in developing countries like India.
FINANCE
swapnilkabra
swapnilkabra
@caswapnilkabra
A simple thread to help all understand ‘Futures and Options’ in an easy way. Though I would personally not recommend new investors to trade in F & O, but it is always good to know things. 👇🧵

#Investing #Investors #Options #Futures

1. What is a ‘Derivative’?
‘Derivative’ simply means a product which is derived or dependent on some asset. This asset is called as ‘underlying asset’.
Let me simplify this by putting this example.

Both ‘Coffee’ and ‘Tea’ require ‘Milk’ for their making (assuming that you drink it that way, of course) . Hence, if the price of ‘Milk’ increases, the prices of ‘Tea’ and ‘Coffee’ will also increase.


To sum up:
1.‘Milk’ is the independent product. So, it will be considered as ‘Underlying Asset’.
2.‘Tea’ and ‘Coffee’ derive their prices from the price of ‘Milk’. Therefore, these are ‘Derivatives’ of Milk.

Hence, the derivative of a company will derive its price from the price of the shares of a company. Thus, share of a company is the ‘underlying asset’.
TRADING
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swapnilkabra
swapnilkabra
@caswapnilkabra
While learning accountancy a student is taught to
👉Debit all expenses, credit all income.
👉Debit all assets, credit all liabilities.
👉Debit the receiver, credit the giver.
Why is it so?
Let us find out the rationale behind three golden rules of accounts. 👇🧵 (1/n)

'Balance Sheet' and 'Profit & Loss Account' are two important aspects to learn accountancy.
Let us first understand how to interpret a Balance Sheet. (2/n)

Balance sheet is a simple snapshot of ‘Sources of funds’ (‘Liabilities’) and ‘Application of funds’ (‘Assets’) as on a ‘particular’ day. (3/n)


It is important to note that the Balance sheet may change every day. That’s because the liabilities side and the assets side may change frequently.
Example: The customer from whom the amount was receivable (Debtor) will get converted into Cash the moment he pays money. (4/n)

Suppose a businessman starts a business with his own money (equity/owner’s fund) and uses this money to buy various assets. (5/n)
BOOKKEEPING , LEARNING
swapnilkabra
swapnilkabra
@caswapnilkabra
A small thread to explain the tax implications of dividend of Rs.974 per share declared by #majesco Ltd which is winding up its business🧵👇

1. For starters, Majesco is declaring such huge dividend on account of it selling its US business. But, as an investor, should one think of buying the shares now? Let us find out.

2. The current market price per share of Majesco is Rs.980. This is almost at par with the dividend per share. Now, if you buy shares of Majesco, you will be entitled to dividend of Rs.974 per share.

3. Please keep in mind that dividend income is not exempt in the hands of the shareholders. It will be taxed as per regular slabs.

4. Say you are in highest slab of 30%, you will be taxed at that rate. To simplify you will be getting a net amount of Rs.681 per share (Rs.974- 30% tax).
BUSINESS
swapnilkabra
swapnilkabra
@caswapnilkabra
Have you ever wondered why price of large cap cos like Reliance ind. Ltd. or Apple inc. fluctuates less in magnitude but share price of a small cap co witnesses huge volatility?
A simple thread to explain the economics behind stock fluctuations!👇🧵
#investing #financialliteracy

1. Penny stocks show huge volatility but on the other hand stock of large cap companies show little fluctuations.
Did you ever observe how ‘Foreign Exchange’ rates show little fluctuation and are range bound?
Let us understand the economics behind it.

2. In this thread we will learn two things,
👉Why large companies show quick change in their prices though the magnitude of change is less?
👉What causes huge jump in prices of penny stocks? Or why on a bad day they can easily fall with huge magnitude?

3. First things first. Let us understand who decides the price of goods? Is it the ‘Buyer(s)’ or the ‘Seller(s)’?
The answer to this basic question is that price is decided by both of them.

This is because,
👉 A ‘Buyer’ would always be willing to buy any commodity at lesser price.
👉 A ‘Seller’, on the other hand would try to sell his product at a greater price.
TRADING

More from Government

Claire McInerny
Claire McInerny
@ClaireMcInerny
I'm watching the City of Austin press conference:

Judge Andy Brown says today's ice storm made roads incredibly dangerous, so please stay home if possible.

.@austinenergy : we are starting to get more power and are prioritizing turning on the power for people who have been without power the longest. if we can sustain this level, we can do true rotating blackouts

.@austinenergy : we have crews out in the community trying to fix things, but they are having people screaming at them and throwing things at them. Jacquie Sargent asks that people let them do their jobs and not harass them.

.@AustinWater : we ask that you DO NOT drip your faucets, stop using laundry machines, dishwashers, and if you know how to take care of a burst pipe please do.

City Manager Spencer Cronk: We know this is frustrating and I'm sorry this is happening. We have shelters open.

(Here is a list of the various shelters, some are for warming, some are for staying the
GOVERNMENT
Mike DiCenzo
Mike DiCenzo
@mikedicenzo
"How the Avengers would respond to the Capitol riot" (a thread)

CAPTAIN AMERICA - tells Falcon, "I fought Nazis once before. They're extremely dangerous." They then see the guy scaling the Capitol wall fall into the shrubs. Falcon: "You sure these are the same Nazis?"

IRON MAN - lands by the guy carrying the podium. Says, "Mind if I borrow this?" then tosses it to Hulk, who swings it like a bat at the mob. Guy: "Hey, that's MY podium!" Iron Man: "Actually it's the Speaker's. And technically, it's a lectern." Then punches him through a wall.

BLACK WIDOW - enters hotel room where Jack Dorsey is tied up. Rips duct tape off his mouth. Jack: "I'll do anything you want!" BW: "Disable POTUS's Twitter. NOW!" Jack fumbles with his phone. "Done. Anything else?" BW: "Yeah. Trim your beard for God's sake." *tosses him clippers*

HULK - grabs a selfie stick from one of the guys and beats him over the head with it. Deeming it too small, he grabs another guy's Confederate flag and takes out a whole swath of rioters. He then tosses the flag to Cap, who uses it as a javelin to impale a fleeing Ted Cruz.

HAWKEYE - hears Iron Man in his earpiece say, "Looks like Orange Julius is tweeting from another account." Hawkeye: "On it." He locks in on Trump through the White House window and fires an arrow, knocking the phone out of Trump's hands. Hawkeye: "Damn that felt good."
GOVERNMENT
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MJ Lee
MJ Lee
@mj_lee
New from me and @MarkMorales51: Cuomo said 'he can destroy me': NY assemblyman alleges governor threatened him over nursing homes scandal

Democratic NY Assemblyman Ron Kim told CNN that Gov. Cuomo called last Thursday to “threaten my career if I did not cover up for Melissa [DeRosa] and what she said.” Cuomo also said “I hadn't seen his wrath and that he can destroy me,” according to Kim.

Kim's wife told CNN she overheard parts of the phone call and heard Cuomo say, "Who do you think you are?" as well as the words, "my wrath," and that immediately after the phone call, her husband told her: "The governor threatened to destroy my life."

CNN first reached out to Cuomo's office for comment on TUESDAY. In a written statement, his communications director did not directly respond to or deny Kim's allegation of threats from the governor in a written statement.

Ultimately, Cuomo's office sent another statement from senior adviser Rich Azzopardi late Wednesday morning that said: "Kim's assertion that the governor said he would 'destroy him' is false."
GOVERNMENT
Gizmo
Gizmo
@Sakura509
Caveat: This article is sourced from @Daily_Express !!!

"End of Sturgeon?"

Frankly, an appropriate response from @NicolaSturgeon might be to quote the infamous Mark Twain response to an erroneous 'obituary' known to all...

"The reports of my demise are greatly exaggerated."

https://t.co/Ce1xVVISR2

More accurately, the media have quoted:

"Ms Sturgeon said she had a “real job to do” and was focused on guiding Scotland through the Covid-19 pandemic."

It's very reassuring to hear that @scotgov and @ScotGovFM have prioritised safeguarding lives and Scotland, above all else.

"I’ll leave others to play games or politics. I have got a real job to do and people can decide themselves whether I am doing it well or not, but I am absolutely 100 per cent focused on leading this country through a pandemic."

💯% 😀👍

Making her priorities crystal clear!

“That’s what I’ve done since this time last year and it’s what I’m going to continue to do for absolutely as long as necessary.”

And again, making it absolutely crystal clear!
GOVERNMENT
Lewis Goodall
Lewis Goodall
@lewis_goodall
Keir Starmer giving his most important speech yet-laying out his vision for the future.

“The Conservatives say they want to build back. But I don’t want to go back. You can’t return to business as usual. And certainly not back to an economy rooted in insecurity and inequality.”


"The foundations of our society have been weakened over a decade...even before the pandemic life expectancy had stalled for the first time in a century. Child poverty had shot up to over 4 million. A child growing up in a deprived areas of the North East can expect to live for.."

"...five fewer years than a deprived child brought up in a deprived area of London. What sort of legacy is that for a party which has been in govt for a decade? That life itself got cheaper. And shorter."

"During the last year my thoughts have returned time and time again to the wartime generation. Those who suffered the horrors of WW2, who rebuilt Britain from the rubble of the Blitz, created the NHS and built millions of homes fit for heroes. And I contrast that...

"...to those exposed to Covid in underfunded care homes, unable to say goodbye to families and to loved ones. How can the PM look those families in the eye and say 'we did everything we could'? When the truth is the Tories failed to fix social care for a decade?"
GOVERNMENT

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David Rothkopf
David Rothkopf
@djrothkopf
Trump on climate: I don't believe it. Trump on Khashoggi: I don't believe it. Trump on Russia: I don't believe it. Idiocy? A canny game? Doesn't really matter as much as the underlying intellectual autocracy. In this administration only one opinion matters.

It's an assault on facts and reason. It's an assault on good governance. It's an assault on the bureaucracies that are being discounted. It's an assault on science and history. But it is also an assault on one of the underpinnings of democracy.

We live in a system that is grounded on the idea of collaborative government. Leaders may have a final word but even then, there are typically checks and balances. Hopefully, in this case, such checks and balances may work. But they also are being tested.

The president's position that he is smarter than all the world's scientists, than the entire intelligence community, than experts who have studied any issue all their lives, is, of course, asinine. But his belief that government turns solely on his opinion, is monarchic.

Louis XIV reportedly said, "L'etat est moi." That he was the state. Trump asserting that he knows better than all, discounts all advice, that his brain is enough to chart the course for America alone, is essentially saying the same thing.
POLITICS
Mitesh Patel
Mitesh Patel
@Mitesh_Engr
Again sharing bank nifty intraday weekly straddle. How to play by selling straddle.
Mostly will work on Monday to Wednesday. Sometimes on Friday.
Why to pay your money to learn this if u can get it here.
U need only practice.
Let’s go.

Say bank nifty future is at 32000.
Sell both 32000 call and put.
Considering current volatile market lest say premium on Monday morning is 350 on both sides.
Sold with 700 points combine premium.
If bank nifty will trade in narrow range say +\- 100 hold it.
If moving 200 points

then exit previous sold straddle. Sell new one. Let’s say BN moved +200
Now sell 32200. If bank nifty will move here within range then u will get profit through theta decay. Follow same procedure for next 150-200 pts move.

This is only for single straddle sell position.

Now in second case sell three straddle. 31900/32000/32100
In case of 100 points move no need to change.
If 200 + then future is 32200.
Exit 31900 and sell 31200 straddle.
If moving another 100 then exit 32000 and sell 32300. Continue same with 100 points move.
If no move then

it will consolidate between 32000-32200 or 32100 to 32300 and u will get theta decay.

This is for normal move. Sudden big move may come anytime. So keep SL in system.
If u r selling at 350-350 then keep SL in system 475 for both legs.
Practice it. No need to attend webinar.
BNF , MPATELOPTIONSLEARNINGS , OPTIONSLEARNING
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Vibhu Vashisth
Vibhu Vashisth
@VIBHU_Tweet
शमशान में जब महर्षि दधीचि के मांसपिंड का दाह संस्कार हो रहा था तो उनकी पत्नी अपने पति का वियोग सहन नहीं कर पायी और पास में ही स्थित विशाल पीपल वृक्ष के कोटर में अपने तीन वर्ष के बालक को रख के स्वयं चिता पे बैठ कर सती हो गयी ।इस प्रकार ऋषी दधीचि और उनकी पत्नी की मुक्ति हो गयी।


परन्तु पीपल के कोटर में रखा बालक भूख प्यास से तड़पने लगा। जब कुछ नहीं मिला तो वो कोटर में पड़े पीपल के गोदों (फल) को खाकर बड़ा होने लगा। कालान्तर में पीपल के फलों और पत्तों को खाकर बालक का जीवन किसी प्रकार सुरक्षित रहा।

एक दिन देवर्षि नारद वहां से गुजर रहे थे ।नारद ने पीपल के कोटर में बालक को देख कर उसका परिचय मांगा -
नारद बोले - बालक तुम कौन हो?
बालक - यही तो मैं भी जानना चहता हूँ ।
नारद - तुम्हारे जनक कौन हैं?
बालक - यही तो मैं भी जानना चाहता हूँ ।

तब नारद ने आँखें बन्द कर ध्यान लगाया ।


तत्पश्चात आश्चर्यचकित हो कर बालक को बताया कि 'हे बालक! तुम महान दानी महर्षि दधीचि के पुत्र हो । तुम्हारे पिता की अस्थियों का वज्रास्त्र बनाकर ही देवताओं ने असुरों पर विजय पायी थी।तुम्हारे पिता की मृत्यु मात्र 31 वर्ष की वय में ही हो गयी थी'।

बालक - मेरे पिता की अकाल मृत्यु का क्या कारण था?
नारद - तुम्हारे पिता पर शनिदेव की महादशा थी।
बालक - मेरे उपर आयी विपत्ति का कारण क्या था?
नारद - शनिदेव की महादशा।
इतना बताकर देवर्षि नारद ने पीपल के पत्तों और गोदों को खाकर बड़े हुए उस बालक का नाम पिप्पलाद रखा और उसे दीक्षित किया।
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Andrey \uf8ff Azimov
Andrey  Azimov
@AndreyAzimov
The best way to know if people like your product is NOT:

- Have a lot of emails in the waiting list
- Become #1 on PH
- Become #1 of HN or Reddit
- Have people that saing "I'll pay"
- Have a lot of free users

The best way to know if they're actually pay for it.

The only thing that matters is your product providing a value, and you can't know this until people will pay money for it.

We can have a first signal of a product/market fit after the launch by check how many sales we've got in the first 24h. Some scale:

200+ This has a high potential.
100+: This has a potential.
50+: Some people need it.
10+: People almost don't need it.
0+: People don't need it.

This is for a single time payment product. For a subscription probably it should be less because people hate subscription.

And obviously, you should have a lot of traffic like 3-5k+.

Here is a stat for my products (macOS apps) for the first 24h after the launch:
STARTUPS
\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u0924\u0947\u0936 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0940
श्रीमाली हितेश अवस्थी...
@HiteshAwasthi89
#Thread
Lessor known facts of Sudarshan Chakra or Neela Chakra of Puri Jagannath Temple.

The metal wheel at the top of Bhagwan Jagannath temple is also known as Neela Chakra (Blue Wheel). The wheel is made of eight metals comprising of.. 1/n


iron, copper, zinc, mercury, lead, brass, silver & gold. It's circumferance is about 36 feet & it is so designed that there is a wheel within the wheel. The circumferance of the inner wheel is about 26 feet. Eight hubs join together the inner and the outer wheels. 2/n


There are decorative designs on the outer wheel. The thickness of the Neela Chakra is 2 inches.The wheel is said to be Bhagwan Vishnu's most powerful weapon, Sudarshana Chakra. Inside Jagannath temple, Lord Vishnu's wheel is also worshipped in the name of 'Sudarshana'. 3/n


But inside the temple Sudarshana is not in the shape of a wheel, but in the shape of a small wood pillar placed to the left of image of bhagwan Jagannath. It is believed that the same Sudarshana is also at the top of the temple and is known by the name of Neela Chakra. 4/n


There is a specific category of people among the temple sevaks to serve the Neela Chakra and they are known as Garuda Sevaka or Chunara Nejoga. The pilgrims hold these sevaks in high esteem because everyday at Sunset. 5/n
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