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Vedic Yajnas Srauta yajnas or sacred ones.

Paka Yajnas — ordinary rituals done easily as a basic duty

Havir Yajnas — occasional rituals done with some effort for attaining various things

Soma Yajnas — rare rituals with high levels of complexity done for world happiness
Each of these 3 classes have 7 types of Yajnas.

Paka Yajnas — offering of food made through the year at home. Agrahayani and Sravani are the key models on which others are based on.

Pitru Sraddam — done to honour ancestors every year

Parvana Sradda — performed for
the ancestors every month

Ashtaka — performed on the 8th day after full moon during the winter months for fathers
Sravani — every night from the fullmoon of Sravana month to the Margasirisa month there is a sarpabali (offering to the snakes) done to ward off harm from snakes
snakes during the rains.

Agrahayani — offering of kheer/payasam during the full moon of Margasirisa month

Chaitri — it is an offering made to Shiva where 4 roads meet during the fullmoon of Chaitra

Ashvayujih — simple food offering made to Shiva during the month of Ashvini
Havir Yajnas — offering done through fire, the first 4 at home and last 3 at Yagashala. The Ishhti is the key model for this
Agnihotram done twice every day keeping the ritual fire burning constant
Darsapurnamasam rituals (ishhti) done every fortnight, usually on the Prathama
Piṇḍapitṛyajña — done in the afternoon of newmoon
Agrayana — done after every new crop, delivering the first fruit

Chaturmasya — done every season (4 months)

Nirudha Pashubandha — done twice a year during summer and winter solstice

Sautrāmaṇī — it is a sacrifice made
with the soma ras (which is not alcohol) for Indra with a small amount partaken by the priests.

Soma Yajnas — these are long, hard sacrifices always done outside home usually accompanied by musical stotras from the Samaveda. While Haviryajnas use ghee as its main ingredient.
Hotr (Rig), Advaryu (Yajus), Udgata (Samaveda) and Brahma. Each of these are assisted by 3 priests — a total of 16 priests.

Agnistoma — a 5 day long yajna made during spring with 12 sastras (Rig) and 12 stotras (Sama) usually for the ancestors

Atyagnishtoma — similar to above
but with 15 sastras and stotras and with an added sacrifice for Agni

Shodasi — similar to the above with 16 sastras and stotras and a ram is offered to Indra

Vajapeyah — a 17 day long sacrifice made for bountiful crop where the sacrificer is bathed in food. When done by
kings it is donw with chariot race, arrow shots and yajamana climbing up a pole

Atirata — done with 29 stotras and sastras

Aptoryama — the longest one with 33 stotras and sastras
Aswamedha Yajna — an emperor to proclaim his absolute superiority

Rajasuya Yajna — a consecration of the king

Punabhisheka and Aindra Mahabhisheka — offerings done during coronation

Purushamedha Yajna — a symbolic one that is never done

Sarvamedha Yajna — a 10 day
sacrifice at the end of which the king gives away all his wealth

Vajapeyah Yajna — refer to the Soma Yajna above

Credit on goes - Balaji viswanatham ji 🙏 sir
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“Why arghya (water offering) to the sun?

It is a common belief that by giving arghya to the sun one’s sins are washed out. It is written in the Skand-Parana that to take food without arghya to tha “sun is like committing sins

अथ संध्याया यदपः प्रभुक्ते ता विपुषो वज्रीयुत्वा


असुरान पाध्नान्ति ।।

The water used in prayer converts into vajra (hard stones) and destroys demons. The destruction of demons through sun-rays is figurative language. The demons for mankind are typhoid, tuberculosis, pneumonia etc. and their bacterias in water are destroyed by

the divine strength of sun-rays. The germs of anthrax, which survive years of drying, are killed by sun-rays in one and a half hours. Likewise, the harmful germs of cholera, pneumonia, small pox, T.B., which survive in boiling water are easily killed by the ultraviolet rays of

the sun, reactivated by water.”

In suryarghya, the devotees stand, in the morning facing the sun, take handful “attentively, you will see the seven coloured spectrum of light.
It is considered proper to offer water to the sun from a lota with convex edge. If the edge of the

pot, from which you are offering water to the sun, is concave, you will see the sun in a bigger form
In such a situation our eyes will not be in a position to bear the sun-rays. It would be better if the lota is of copper or brass, instead of a bright metal such as aluminium or

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