1/ Since Dec, $TWTR stock has grown 50% above all-time highs. Lots has been said about Twitter’s product upside, ability to capture more of the value it creates (see @Post_Market @juliey4 @modestproposal1). I want to talk about the biggest bull thesis I see: cultural determinism

2/ I'm a huge believer in cultural determinism (see Nintendo essay) - who a company is/been trained ‘to be’ in turn decides who a company ‘will’ or ‘can’ be.

CD is distinct from whether a culture is good, employees talented, committed to change, etc.
https://t.co/bUHuLiZuKT
3/ By the early 2010s, Twitter began to solidify cultural premises: it was focused on building up ad revenues rather than maximizing reach or users/its network, building a self-contained ecosystem, and in my view, a misplaced obsession with “live”
4/ This contrasted with competitors focused on network growth (FB), product enhancements (Snap), total creators (YT, Unity). Instead, Twitter throttled APIs and 3P devs, ignored opportunity to be a standard protocol for internet comms (h/t @AVC in 2016)
https://t.co/wGSjn4XKUH
5/ How did we see this? Lots of externally focused product investments – e.g. SeeIt TV Everywhere authentication experience w/ Comcast, helping TV networks integrate Tweets into live TV, allowing advertisers to buy Twitter adds… through Google AdWords!
https://t.co/goImtYg2ls
6/ This was during a time in which product innovation for Twitter users were modest-to-null. In 2017, Twitter said usernames would no longer count in Tweet counts…. They still do. It took Twitter seven years to add stories (“Fleets”)
https://t.co/WRQVWWeoLJ
7/ Touted “top secret” Project Lightning was just a rather haphazard editorial curation of tweets + trending topics on a the “Explore” tab (like all social apps).

i.e. Twitter focused on tweet exposure, not better Tweets (UGC "moments" never took off)
https://t.co/70i0vQKv64
8/ Obsession with live seemed most misleading. I’m a big believer in live, it's a big differentiator, + Twitter is fascinating/superb when something important is happening in real time (e.g. storming of the Capitol)

Real value, though, is in follow graph + frictionless sharing
9/ But Twitter is rarely “live”. It’s recent-ish or whenever.

Best tweets, shares, ideas tend not to be live. Most of your feed could have been shared 10 mins/hours later.

Core idea of QT/RT is… non-live sharing!

Very little is actually *real-time* (+not synchronous anyway)
10/ Fact Twitter rolled out an algo feed default shows this.

Stories + TikToks are some of the biggest social innovations of the past decade, neither are really live (they’re as live as most Tweets).

And of course, most efforts here (e.g. Periscope, Facebook Live) didn’t work
11/ Twitter’s philosphical obsession with ‘live’ explains focus on Live TV + many missed opportunities - RSS reader, publishing platform, protocol (don’t need to be a protocol if you’re ‘the’ destination after all), Stories, underlying product changes like longer tweets/edits
12/ Just look at ‘how much’ Twitter invested in live video, too. How many of these actually led to major events on Twitter? And did they need to be broadcast on Twitter to be big on Twitter?

Note these focused, again, not on user/creators, but ad revenues + external partners
13/ Consider how truly terrible search is on Twitter. Let alone DM search.

Makes sense if you think these old, asynchronous messages are low value, not your core .

Took forever to build a Tweetstorm function. How could long, pre-thought (i.e. not live) threads be a priority?
14/ Connects to (non-live) Vine. Vine is fascinating given it shutdown right as TikTok was starting to take off (and it is now far more valuable than Twitter). But crucially, Twitter reportedly pulled the plug after top talent wanted <$30MM a year to stay https://t.co/ZNl0lrrNTN
15/ This wasn’t a unique POV in the mid-2010s: platforms believed their job was to enable creators to make money, not to actually to pay them, or build products specifically to help them make money

This was very wrong (h/t @turnernovak)
16/ @Benthompson talks about the famous “Bill Gates Line”: A platform is when the economic value of everybody that uses it, exceeds the value of the company that creates it. Then it’s a platform.”
17/ For years, $Fintwit joked that Twitter is the best example or a platform (and therefore the worst business) because the value it creates is so, so, so enormously above what it captures. And it’s growing. Reason why @DanielSLoeb1 @plaffont and SAC joined Twitter last 6 months
18/ Anyway, this returns to cultural determinism. I see a lot of evidence of fundamental, cultural beliefs changing in Twitter. This doesn’t change the options available to them, but changes their ability to realize them. Massively.

It takes time to do this - years.
19/ For example, Twitter Spaces are launching MUCH faster (if still too slowly) than Fleets did (Clubhouse:Snapchat). Jack is talking openly about the desire to be a protocol, to invest in decentralized communication solutions https://t.co/gD5a6A7JeZ
20/ Many new products are not live: Revue newsletter, Fleets, even Spaces, which are live rarely *about* live, they’re ambient hangouts – more like dropping by a ‘clubhouse’ than tuning into a press conference.
21/ Most importantly, Twitter is embracing subscription/user fees rather than just advertising (e.g. paying for a newsletter, tipping an account, private access to a Space). I can’t highlight the value here enough – advertising is less than half of media revenues, and declining
22/ Twitter focusing on helping creators, thought leaders, influencers, entertainers all to create, memorialize, and build high revenue business on Twitter... is actually a huge shift.

Both because it raises the platform value Twitter creates, AND it's capture
23/ This tweetstorm doesn't have a model, doesn't have a product forecast, nor a price target. Those are important, but not my lane.

I also think they're far less important than cultural determinism - the underlying, most important, and hardest to change variable in the above
24/ In sum, I'm long $TWTR.

The theses of what Twitter can be, could be, and should capture hasn't changed. I think what the *company * can be and wants to be has.

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The entire discussion around Facebook’s disclosures of what happened in 2016 is very frustrating. No exec stopped any investigations, but there were a lot of heated discussions about what to publish and when.


In the spring and summer of 2016, as reported by the Times, activity we traced to GRU was reported to the FBI. This was the standard model of interaction companies used for nation-state attacks against likely US targeted.

In the Spring of 2017, after a deep dive into the Fake News phenomena, the security team wanted to publish an update that covered what we had learned. At this point, we didn’t have any advertising content or the big IRA cluster, but we did know about the GRU model.

This report when through dozens of edits as different equities were represented. I did not have any meetings with Sheryl on the paper, but I can’t speak to whether she was in the loop with my higher-ups.

In the end, the difficult question of attribution was settled by us pointing to the DNI report instead of saying Russia or GRU directly. In my pre-briefs with members of Congress, I made it clear that we believed this action was GRU.
🌿𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒚 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝑺𝒕𝒂𝒓 : 𝑫𝒉𝒓𝒖𝒗𝒂 & 𝑽𝒊𝒔𝒉𝒏𝒖

Once upon a time there was a Raja named Uttānapāda born of Svayambhuva Manu,1st man on earth.He had 2 beautiful wives - Suniti & Suruchi & two sons were born of them Dhruva & Uttama respectively.
#talesofkrishna https://t.co/E85MTPkF9W


Now Suniti was the daughter of a tribal chief while Suruchi was the daughter of a rich king. Hence Suruchi was always favored the most by Raja while Suniti was ignored. But while Suniti was gentle & kind hearted by nature Suruchi was venomous inside.
#KrishnaLeela


The story is of a time when ideally the eldest son of the king becomes the heir to the throne. Hence the sinhasan of the Raja belonged to Dhruva.This is why Suruchi who was the 2nd wife nourished poison in her heart for Dhruva as she knew her son will never get the throne.


One day when Dhruva was just 5 years old he went on to sit on his father's lap. Suruchi, the jealous queen, got enraged and shoved him away from Raja as she never wanted Raja to shower Dhruva with his fatherly affection.


Dhruva protested questioning his step mother "why can't i sit on my own father's lap?" A furious Suruchi berated him saying "only God can allow him that privilege. Go ask him"
**Thread on Bravery of Sikhs**
(I am forced to do this due to continuous hounding of Sikh Extremists since yesterday)

Rani Jindan Kaur, wife of Maharaja Ranjit Singh had illegitimate relations with Lal Singh (PM of Ranjit Singh). Along with Lal Singh, she attacked Jammu, burnt - https://t.co/EfjAq59AyI


Hindu villages of Jasrota, caused rebellion in Jammu, attacked Kishtwar.

Ancestors of Raja Ranjit Singh, The Sansi Tribe used to give daughters as concubines to Jahangir.


The Ludhiana Political Agency (Later NW Fronties Prov) was formed by less than 4000 British soldiers who advanced from Delhi and reached Ludhiana, receiving submissions of all sikh chiefs along the way. The submission of the troops of Raja of Lahore (Ranjit Singh) at Ambala.

Dabistan a contemporary book on Sikh History tells us that Guru Hargobind broke Naina devi Idol Same source describes Guru Hargobind serving a eunuch
YarKhan. (ref was proudly shared by a sikh on twitter)
Gobind Singh followed Bahadur Shah to Deccan to fight for him.


In Zafarnama, Guru Gobind Singh states that the reason he was in conflict with the Hill Rajas was that while they were worshiping idols, while he was an idol-breaker.

And idiot Hindus place him along Maharana, Prithviraj and Shivaji as saviours of Dharma.