BC ALL
Saved by @Jacobtldr

1/ We all know WHAT are the ingredients of a Frequent "Regional Rail" network. But there is little talk often about the "HOW to get there".

The case of Lombardy is quite interesting as it shows that, no matter how long it takes, what matters is to have a PLAN and stick to it.

 2/ I'm doing this thread because I ended up reading a number of documents about how, in a general framework of stagnation or even decrease in regional rail use in Italy in the last two decades, Lombardy doubled its daily rail ridership from 400,000 in 2000 to 800,000 in 2018.
3/ Of course, the most "glittering part", the piece of hard infrastructure that enabled such a stark increase in service is the "passante": a cross-city rail link opened in phases between 1997-2004 that allows for through-running of "suburban" trains
4/ But the most important part comes even earlier: in 1982, the Region devised an overall plan for the implementation of an S-Bahn network (called "servizio comprensoriale") in a ~30-40km radius from Milan. That plan kickstarted the construction of the passante in 1983
5/ Until the early 2000, the implementation was slow, because the 930m€ "passante" was locally financed with scarce ressources by the City and the Region and the responsibility of programming and financing regional rail transit was devoluted to Regions only in 1997-2000
6/ But with the completion of the Passante, the first S-lines envisioned in the 1982 started running in December 2004 with an initial 7-lines network with 60' headways during the day and 30' during peak hours. With the initial low ridership, many decried the waste of public money
7/But as more key infras and new trains became available, the service was constantly stepped-up year after year, with a remarkable commitment by the Region to buy new trains, fund more service, improve operation even after the massive cuts in the national transit funds in 2011
8/ This is clearly visible in the timetable at Desio station along the Milano-Chiasso line: from random trains in 2003, to a more organized, increasingly takt-style one with the introduction of S9 in 2007, then S11, first as a peak support service, then as a full 30' takt in 2015
9/ Thanks to that, the line passed from 16,000 before 2003 to 79,000 daily users in 2018, a 375% increase (!) in 15 years, with a growing trend that continues steadily as a long lasting effect despite no major changes after the 2015 last major timetable modification.
10/ The trend in Saturday's and Sunday's rail usage is even more interesting. Since 2012, as the service was progressively brought to a level similar to that of non-working days, ridership grew by 38% on Saturdays and a stunning 78% on Sundays in a 4-year period
11/Today, Saturday ridership in the whole regional rail network is slightly less than half that of an average working day, and Sunday one is roughly 1/3. That means that the train is no more the work/school "commuter" exclusive domain, but increasingly a tool of everyday mobility
12/ Today's network is larger than the one envisioned in 1982, and the new Regional mobility plan call for a further growth in the S-lines network in the coming decade, as well as more Regio and Regio-Express services for longer trips, all based on a node-centered takt.
13/If there are lessons we can take from this vision "40 years in the making", is the importance to have a clear direction (we want to get there!) + a reasonable understanding of what it takes to get there (in terms of infras, governance reform, capital and operating budget etc.)
14/ Particular circumstances can slow down or accelerate the delivery of the plan or parts of it. Priorities within the plan can shift. But sticking to a clear, feasible and pragmatic (i.e. something reasonably deliverable) vision is what is needed to improve in the longer run.
15/ What is more remarkable about Lombardy's case is that this political commitment has come from a region governed since ever by center-right, tendentially car-loving, political coalitions, that nevertheless showed a mostly unquestioned commitment to improve rail transit
16/ The existence of high-profile professional figures in key roles within the administrative machine and in the linked public universities and research centers helped formulating deliverable plans and providing the necessary know-how for a constantly re-tuned improvement.
17/ There are a lot of ingredients that I didn't mention, that are complicate but very fundamental: for one, the governance structure and the evolving relationship between the client (the Region) and the operator (Trenord) that was a key factor to really "make things happen".
18/ Of course, there are a lot of problems and the service is far from perfect. But the big picture says that, after 40 years, rail transit in Lombardy is much more effective, reliable and useful than it was when the 1982 plan came about. Big changes don't happen overnight.
19/ The lesson for other cities in Nort-America that are starting to think now how to develop an effective regional rail network is , first, that you should have a plan. A good one. Boston and Toronto actually seems to have one, no matter how many years it will take. Others?
20/ Some of the infographic is from an excellent presentation by Giorgio Stagni, whose work is an infinite source of clearly explained and thoughtful insights on Lombardy's rail policies (and stunning pics!):
https://t.co/3c6DxDC8XO

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Catch me if you can @Mitesh_Engr

Time for a🧵
Mitesh Sir's EXPIRY Option Selling 101:
• What to look for?
• Strike Selection & Ratios
• SL mgmt
• Avoiding freezes
• Monthy Expiry
• Event days
• How he would have traded last expiry?

In collaboration with @AdityaTodmal


Edward de Bono says intelligence is like a🚗 Automobile

“A powerful car may be driven badly. A less powerful car may be driven well. The skill of the car driver determines how the power of the car is used.”


What @Mitesh_Engr Sir looks at for Expiry Trading:

• Technicals of BNF
• Individual Heavyweight stocks of BNF
• Support/Resistance of BNF on weekly TF
• Also has Superb SL management
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How to Select Strikes to Sell?

• You can't sell based on premium
• Follow only trend
• Price action is best to sell on expiry day
• Never wait for the options to go to zero


Using Ratios to Sell:

• If BNF is in a range then strangles
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ALL , MITESH PATEL OPTIONS STRAT , MITESH PATEL EXPIRY GUIDE
itrade(DJ)
itrade(DJ)
@ITRADE191
Here is the detailed information of about strategy,

Entry time : 9.30 - 10
Exit : Upto you

Strategy :
Sell weekly ATM CE & PE at almost equal price
For ex : Sell Nifty 17250 CE at 50 and Nifty 17250 PE at 48 so it will become short straddle

Buy monthly ATM or near ATM CE & PE at matching price (5-10 points diff should be fine) as hedge
For ex : Buy Nifty 17250 CE at 150 and Nifty 17300 PE at 155 so it will become long straddle.

Weekly Short straddle + Monthly Long straddle

Adjustment:

• If you feel slightly bullish/bearish then no adjustment needed
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• If Nifty moves one side or about to breach BEP then add equal amount of lot. This can balance tested side. For ex: If I bought 17300 CE 4 lot as hedge then add 4 lot so you will have only one side risk . Note: Remember to keep SL at cost price (only for additional lot bought)

Capital requirement:
2.2 L for 4 lot
Adjustment requires additional capital upto 1L

Note : High risk high reward strategy, please don’t execute until you fully understand. Kindly do paper trading or backtest.
RR : 1:1
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அஸ்தினாபுரத்து அரசி👸...
@SivaRoobini555
#தினம்_ஒரு_திருவாசகம்
தொல்லை இரும்பிறவிச் சூழும் தளை நீக்கி
அல்லல் அறுத்து ஆனந்தம் ஆக்கியதே – எல்லை
மருவா நெறியளிக்கும் வாதவூர் எங்கோன்
திருவாசகம் என்னும் தேன்

பொருள்:
1.எப்போது ஆரம்பித்தது என அறியப்படமுடியாத தொலை காலமாக (தொல்லை)

2. இருந்து வரும் (இரும்)


3.பிறவிப் பயணத்திலே ஆழ்த்துகின்ற (பிறவி சூழும்)

4.அறியாமையாகிய இடரை (தளை)

5.அகற்றி (நீக்கி),

6.அதன் விளைவால் சுகதுக்கமெனும் துயரங்கள் விலக (அல்லல் அறுத்து),

7.முழுநிறைவாய்த் தன்னுளே இறைவனை உணர்த்துவதே (ஆனந்த மாக்கியதே),

8.பிறந்து இறக்கும் காலவெளிகளில் (எல்லை)

9.பிணைக்காமல் (மருவா)

10.காக்கும் மெய்யறிவினைத் தருகின்ற (நெறியளிக்கும்),

11.என் தலைவனான மாணிக்க வாசகரின் (வாதவூரெங்கோன்)

12.திருவாசகம் எனும் தேன் (திருவா சகமென்னுந் தேன்)

முதல்வரி: பிறவி என்பது முன்வினை விதையால் முளைப்பதோர் பெருமரம். அந்த ‘முன்வினை’ எங்கு ஆரம்பித்தது எனச் சொல்ல இயலாது. ஆனால் ‘அறியாமை’ ஒன்றே ஆசைக்கும்,, அச்சத்துக்கும் காரணம் என்பதால், அவையே வினைகளை விளைவிப்பன என்பதால், தொடர்ந்து வரும் பிறவிகளுக்கு, ‘அறியாமையே’ காரணம்

அறியாமைக்கு ஆரம்பம் கிடையாது. நமக்கு ஒரு பொருளைப் பற்றிய அறிவு எப்போதிருந்து இல்லை? அதைச் சொல்ல முடியாது. அதனாலேதான் முதலடியில், ஆரம்பமில்லாத அஞ்ஞானத்தை பிறவிகளுக்குக் காரணமாகச் சொல்லியது. ஆனால் அறியாமை, அறிவின் எழுச்சியால், அப்போதே முடிந்து விடும்.
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Save To Bookmarks ...
@SaveToBookmarks
@buzz_chronicles @AchuthArora @Artofphysique_ @rattibha Ahoy!

Now your tweet was bookmarked.

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Stanis\u0142aw \u017baryn
Stanisław Żaryn...
@StZaryn
In the last couple of days Russian propaganda has published a lot of content alleging that Poland staged provocations against the Nord Stream 2 pipeline. The content in question has employed narratives in use by the Kremlin in its influence activities against Poland. 1/6

Pattern no. 1
Articles posted to Russian websites pick up false accusations against the Poles. These include bogus claims that Poland sabotaged the construction site of the Russia-to-Germany gas link and carried out a direct attack on the pipeline. 2/6


Pattern no. 2
Some of the articles warn that the Kremlin may take retaliatory actions against Poland. Based on false accusations thrown by Russia, the Kremlin’s propaganda amplifies the calls by some journalists and contributors to embark on aggressive activities against PL. 3/6


Pattern no. 3
The Russian media outlets publish a lot of materials that mock the Polish Navy. The narratives that denigrate this component of the Polish Armed Forces are based on opinions and quotes by single Polish Internet users. 4/6


These information warfare efforts aim to:

- solidify false accusations made against Poland

- threaten the Polish society with a potential response by Russia

- weaken the morale of the Polish soldiers and undermine the image of the army 5/6
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