Most people want to be an investor

But most investors don't know understand how interest rates control inflation

Here's how interest rates control inflation:

1/ Raising interest rates can send a shockwave throughout the whole economy.

It can sink consumer confidence, result in fewer jobs, and tank stock prices.

If the Fed goes to fast, it will send the economy into a recession.

So why would they even raise interest rates?
2/ Let's start with the basics

If you borrow money, you will have to pay back a little extra (interest) to make it worth while for the bank.

If you save money, you will be given money (interest) as a reward for keeping money in the bank.
3/ The size of your reward depends on the state of the economy

There is no single interest rate in the economy. You have thousands of commercial banks setting their own interest rate for their customers.

This is all influenced by the central bank (Federal Reserve)
4/ What do Central Banks do?

A central bank is like a bank for banks.

Banks have reserves which is essentially their cash on hand.

Banks can earn interest when they leave their excess reserves with the central bank.
5/ Why do central banks raise interest rates?

When central banks raise interest rates, they are trying to control inflation aka how fast prices rise for everyone.

All central banks are trying to hit an annual inflation rate of 2%

Interest rates are their powerful tool
5A/ A rise in interest rates from a central bank means a commercial bank will earn more on their reserves.

They will make more on their money from keeping it with the central bank than lending it out

If they do lend it out, they will raise their interest rates.
6/ Interest rates and businesses

When interest rates rise, then businesses will find it more expensive to borrow and invest.

This means less economic activity which will leaded to fewer jobs and lower wages.
6A/ Fewer jobs and lower wages will ultimately lead to less money for most households causing consumer confidence to suffer.

This will ultimately lead to households spending less causing businesses to lower prices aka sending inflation down
7/ This sounds straight forward, right?

Unfortunately, the trick is figuring out how far to go with raising interest rates.

In 1981, inflation was at a record high causing interest rates to go to 19%.

This fixed the inflation problem, but it caused widespread economic pain
8/ In 1981, we saw the worst economic mess since the great depression.

It is very difficult to get inflation under control without severely denting economic activity
9/ In theory, a little inflation is okay

Raising interest rates can slow an economy right down.

The problem is that it can take as long as two years to see the full results from interest rates changes

Central banks know this and try to predict the future
10/ Raising interest rates can be painful because slowing the economy is not fun.

But it is worth it to get slow and steady so that in the long run, you don't have to think about it
Thank you for reading!

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MDZS is laden with buddhist references. As a South Asian person, and history buff, it is so interesting to see how Buddhism, which originated from India, migrated, flourished & changed in the context of China. Here's some research (🙏🏼 @starkjeon for CN insight + citations)

1. LWJ’s sword Bichen ‘is likely an abbreviation for the term 躲避红尘 (duǒ bì hóng chén), which can be translated as such: 躲避: shunning or hiding away from 红尘 (worldly affairs; which is a buddhist teaching.) (
https://t.co/zF65W3roJe) (abbrev. TWX)

2. Sandu (三 毒), Jiang Cheng’s sword, refers to the three poisons (triviṣa) in Buddhism; desire (kāma-taṇhā), delusion (bhava-taṇhā) and hatred (vibhava-taṇhā).

These 3 poisons represent the roots of craving (tanha) and are the cause of Dukkha (suffering, pain) and thus result in rebirth.

Interesting that MXTX used this name for one of the characters who suffers, arguably, the worst of these three emotions.

3. The Qian kun purse “乾坤袋 (qián kūn dài) – can be called “Heaven and Earth” Pouch. In Buddhism, Maitreya (मैत्रेय) owns this to store items. It was believed that there was a mythical space inside the bag that could absorb the world.” (TWX)
राम-रावण युद्ध समाप्त हो चुका था। जगत को त्रास देने वाला रावण अपने कुटुम्ब सहित नष्ट हो चुका था।श्रीराम का राज्याभिषेक हुआ और अयोध्या नरेश श्री राम के नेतृत्व में चारों दिशाओं में शन्ति थी।
अंगद को विदा करते समय राम रो पड़े थे ।हनुमान को विदा करने की शक्ति तो राम में थी ही नहीं ।


माता सीता भी हनुमान को पुत्रवत मानती थी। अत: हनुमान अयोध्या में ही रह गए ।राम दिनभर दरबार में, शासन व्यवस्था में व्यस्त रहते थे। संध्या को जब शासकीय कार्यों में छूट मिलती तो गुरु और माताओं का कुशल-मंगल पूछ अपने कक्ष में जाते थे। परंतु हनुमान जी हमेशा उनके पीछे-पीछे ही रहते थे ।


उनकी उपस्थिति में ही सारा परिवार बहुत देर तक जी भर बातें करता ।फिर भरत को ध्यान आया कि भैया-भाभी को भी एकांत मिलना चाहिए ।उर्मिला को देख भी उनके मन में हूक उठती थी कि इस पतिव्रता को भी अपने पति का सानिध्य चाहिए ।

एक दिन भरत ने हनुमान जी से कहा,"हे पवनपुत्र! सीता भाभी को राम भैया के साथ एकांत में रहने का भी अधिकार प्राप्त है ।क्या आपको उनके माथे पर सिन्दूर नहीं दिखता?इसलिए संध्या पश्चात आप राम भैया को कृप्या अकेला छोड़ दिया करें "।
ये सुनकर हनुमान आश्चर्यचकित रह गए और सीता माता के पास गए ।


माता से हनुमान ने पूछा,"माता आप अपने माथे पर सिन्दूर क्यों लगाती हैं।" यह सुनकर सीता माता बोलीं,"स्त्री अपने माथे पर सिन्दूर लगाती है तो उसके पति की आयु में वृद्धि होती है और वह स्वस्थ रहते हैं "। फिर हनुमान जी प्रभु राम के पास गए ।
“We don’t negotiate salaries” is a negotiation tactic.

Always. No, your company is not an exception.

A tactic I don’t appreciate at all because of how unfairly it penalizes low-leverage, junior employees, and those loyal enough not to question it, but that’s negotiation for you after all. Weaponized information asymmetry.

Listen to Aditya


And by the way, you should never be worried that an offer would be withdrawn if you politely negotiate.

I have seen this happen *extremely* rarely, mostly to women, and anyway is a giant red flag. It suggests you probably didn’t want to work there.

You wish there was no negotiating so it would all be more fair? I feel you, but it’s not happening.

Instead, negotiate hard, use your privilege, and then go and share numbers with your underrepresented and underpaid colleagues. […]