Story time friends.
There was a small state in the hilly regions of Rajasthan known as Roopnagar.The princess of this state was very beautiful and her name was Chanchal Kumari.Once and old woman had come to the palace to sell portraits,while the princess was rummaging through the

portraits, she asked the old woman to show her the portraits of some brave Hindu Rajas.The old woman showed the a picture of Rana Raj Singh,which impressed the princess a lot. The old woman then showed her one of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb,the enraged princess took the picture
and crushed it under her foot,to show her displeasure of the emperor.Her maid in waiting Nirmal,was very worried and knew if this news reached the Delhi durbar the kingdom of Roopnagar would be endangered. So she offered the old woman some gold mohurs and asked her not to discuss
the incident with anyone else.The old woman had no intention of keeping the incident a secret, on reaching Delhi she went to Daria Bibi and told her everything who handsomely rewarded her.Daria Bibi immediately went to the emperor’s daughter Zeb-Un-Nisa to pass on the information
There she met Mubarak Khan her ex-husband who was playing court to the princess.She accosted Mubarak when he came out and asked him if the princess had agreed to marry him but received no answer.On hearing the story of Princess Chanchal Kumari she immediately rushed to her father
and recounted the tale.Auranzeb resolved to marry her and make her a maid under his wife Udipuri Begum.He sent the proposal of marriage to Raja Vikram Singh Solanki, who was overjoyed and began preparations.Chanchal was alarmed and asked Nirmal to suggest a way out of this.
Nirmal informed her that Aurangzeb’s Rajput wife Jodhpuri Begum had sent a secret message and her her to seek help fom Rana Raj Singh.A messenger was sent but was waylaid by robbers and the letter was snatched, as luck would have it Rana was on a hunting trip and came upon the
the hapless messenger. He heard his tale of woe and rushed to meet the robbers. He easily defeated them and one of the robbers Maniklal was won over to his side by the Rana. The Rana was touched very deeply after reading the letter from the princess and pledged to save her from
the wicked emperor.He sent Maniklal disguised as a Mughal soldier to join the 2000 strong army of the Mughals sent to take the princess away.
As planned by the Rana,the small band of soldiers attacked the emperor’s cavalcade while it was passing through a ravine.Maniklal took charge of the palanquin of the princess and led it away. The Rana’s men blocked the pathway and the Mughal soldiers were left stranded.
However Mubarak Khan a shrewd soldier took a roundabout path and attacked the Rana’s band,which was surely going to be disastrous as the Rana had only 50 soldiers with him. Chanchal Kumari disturbed beyond words stepped out of her palanquin ad asked Mubarak not to attack the Rana
and his men. She told Mubarak that the Rana had come to her rescue at her request. She begged them to let the Rana go and she would go quietly to Delhi and marry Aurangzeb. Mubarak Khan was enraged and attacked the Rana’s men.
In the meantime Maniklal rushed back to Roopnagar and tricked Raja Vikram Singh into giving him a troop of 1000 soldiers. He attacked the Mughals from the rare and the army was routed.Auranzeb was angry beyond words and ordered Rana to return the princess which he refused to do
Vikran Singh had also sent a message to the Rana to send his daughter to the Delhi court, otherwise they all would be doomed.The Rana refused as he had fallen in love with Chanchal Kumari and wanted to marry her.Obviously Aurangzeb sent a large army to teach him a lesson
but the army was defated and Udipuri Begum was captured and had to wait on Chanchal Kumari.A treaty was signed between the Rana and Aurangazeb but the later broke it and sent a large army to defeat the Rana. This time round the Rajput Kings came out in support of Rana Raj Singh
The combined forces defeated the mighty Mughal army led by Diler Khan.Raja Vikram Singh agreed to the marriage of his daughter to Raj Singh and on an auspicious day the marriage was solemnized. Thus the united Rajputs taught the Mughals the lesson of their lives.

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Microorganisms in biofilms are enclosed by an extracellular matrix that confers protection and improves survival. Previous studies have shown that viruses can secondarily colonize preexisting biofilms, and viral biofilms have also been described.


...we raise the perspective that CoVs can persistently infect bats due to their association with biofilm structures. This phenomenon potentially provides an optimal environment for nonpathogenic & well-adapted viruses to interact with the host, as well as for viral recombination.


Biofilms can also enhance virion viability in extracellular environments, such as on fomites and in aquatic sediments, allowing viral persistence and dissemination.

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